{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:38:34Z","timestamp":1787841514711,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory symptoms may persist for several weeks following the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The aims and objectives were to assess the clinical symptoms, pulmonary functions, and radiological changes and to assess the cardio-vascular complications in post-COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This observational study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Cardiology, SCBMCH, Cuttack, from March 2021 to August 2022 on 75 post-COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms from 4 weeks to 2 years after treatment for COVID-19 infection. Post-COVID patients having previous respiratory diseases were excluded from the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 75 patients, the most common age group was 18\u201330 years with a male-to-female ratio of 2.5:1. Based on O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      requirement, patients were divided into the mild symptomatic group and moderate to severe pneumonia group. The most common respiratory symptom was dyspnea, followed by cough with expectoration. Bilateral crepitations were found in 17% of cases. C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer were increased in 38.6% and 32% of patients, respectively. 42.6% had abnormal chest X-ray, and the most common abnormal finding was reticular thickening. In spirometry, the restrictive pattern and mixed pattern were the predominant types documented in 49.3% and 13.3% of cases, respectively, which were significant in the moderate\u2013severe group. Diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was performed in only 19 patients (mild group 13 and moderate\u2013severe group 6). Twelve (63.2%) patients had abnormal DLCO.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P-<\/jats:italic>\n                      values were significant for RV (0.0482) and RV\/TLC (0.0394). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax was abnormal in 55.7% with the most common abnormalities as inter- and intra-lobular septal thickening. The left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved in all patients, with right atrium and right ventricle enlargement in 2.6% and pulmonary hypertension in 4.0% of participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All post-COVID-19 patients having respiratory symptoms after recovery from acute COVID-19 may be referred by family care physicians to a dedicated post-COVID center for further evaluation, management, and early rehabilitation to decrease the morbidity in recovered patients. Persistent increased blood parameters like TLC, N\/L ratio, RBS, CRP, and D-dimer seen in recovered post-COVID-19 patients. The long-term impact of CT findings on respiratory symptoms, pulmonary functions, and quality of life is unknown. Cardiovascular abnormalities in post-COVID-19 patients are infrequent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1721_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T02:04:22Z","timestamp":1721959462000},"page":"2912-2920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinico-radiological and pulmonary function assessment of post-COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nilakantha","family":"Behera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeetendra Kumar","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijay Kumar","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoranjan","family":"Pattnaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, SJ Medical College and Hospital, Puri, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayyaram","family":"Rambhoopal Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R3-20240828","journal-title":"Murray&Nadels Textbook of Respiratory Medicine"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2020-139585","article-title":"Emerging spectrum of post-COVID-19 syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Kunal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110055","article-title":"Into the looking glass:Post-viral syndrome post COVID-19","volume":"144","author":"Perrin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"R6-20240828","first-page":"29","journal-title":"National Comprehensive guidelines for management of post Covid sequelae, mohfw, Govt of India"},{"key":"R7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2020.10.013","article-title":"Respiratory function in patients post-infection by COVID-19:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Torres-Castro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"key":"R8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e155","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0664","article-title":"To scan or not to scan-D-dimers and computed tomography pulmonary angiography in the era of COVID-19","volume":"21","author":"Tuck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"R9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02353-6","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle in COVID-19:A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Ghidini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"R10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0257040","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257040","article-title":"Pulmonary function and six-minute-walk test in patients after recovery from COVID-19:A prospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Eksombatchai","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R11-20240828","first-page":"e22888","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory profile of patients visiting the post-COVID-19 clinic at a tertiary care hospital:A cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Thyagaraj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R12-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2021.03.004","article-title":"Predictors of reduced 6-minute walk distance after COVID-19:A cohort study in Mexico","volume":"27","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"key":"R13-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004015","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04015-2020","article-title":"Medium-term impact of COVID-19 on pulmonary function, functional capacity and quality of life","volume":"58","author":"Anastasio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R14-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2022.102352","article-title":"Lung function six months after severe COVID-19:Does time, in fact, heal all wounds?","volume":"26","author":"Bretas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R16-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030419","article-title":"Dyspnea in post-COVID Syndrome following mild acute COVID-19 infections:Potential causes and consequences for a therapeutic approach","volume":"58","author":"Wirth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"R17-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181fd66e5","article-title":"Long-term complications of critical care","volume":"39","author":"Desai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R18-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1159\/000518141","article-title":"Six-month pulmonary impairment after severe COVID-19:A prospective, multicentre follow-up study","volume":"100","author":"Faverio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"R19-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01546-2","article-title":"Persisting alterations of iron homeostasis in COVID-19 are associated with non-resolving lung pathologies and poor patients'performance:A prospective observational cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Sonnweber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"R20-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-020-00432-3","article-title":"Laboratory features of severe vs. non-severe COVID-19 patients in Asian populations:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Ghahramani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"R21-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2022.2042991","article-title":"Post-COVID-19 syndrome, low-grade inflammation and inflammatory markers:A cross-sectional study","volume":"38","author":"Maamar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"R22-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabo5795","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abo5795","article-title":"A persistent neutrophil-associated immune signature characterizes post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae","volume":"14","author":"George","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"R23-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-215818","article-title":"Long Covid:A cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms, biomarker and imaging abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19","volume":"76","author":"Mandal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thora\u00d7"},{"key":"R24-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2021.100838","article-title":"A multi-centre, cross-sectional study on coronavirus disease 2019 in Bangladesh:Clinical epidemiology and short-term outcomes in recovered individuals","volume":"40","author":"Mannan","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"R25-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91270-8","article-title":"Persistent symptoms and lab abnormalities in patients who recovered from COVID-19","volume":"11","author":"Varghese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R26-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00585-2","article-title":"Thrombocytosis in COVID-19 patients without myeloproliferative neoplasms is associated with better prognosis but higher rate of venous thromboembolism","volume":"11","author":"Lucijanic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"R27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16885","article-title":"Delayed-phase thrombocytopenia in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"190","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"R28-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1471-6","article-title":"Stress hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients and the subsequent risk of diabetes:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R29-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32656-8","article-title":"6-Month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital:A cohort study","volume":"397","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R30-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n693","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n693","article-title":"Post-covid syndrome in individuals admitted to hospital with COVID-19:Retrospective cohort study","volume":"372","author":"Ayoubkhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R31-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864933","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.864933","article-title":"12-month post-discharge liver function test abnormalities among patients with COVID-19:A single-center prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"R32-20240828","article-title":"Twelve-month systemic consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital:A prospective cohort study in Wuhan, China","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R33-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563220922255","article-title":"Electrolyte imbalances in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"57","author":"Lippi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R34-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00409","article-title":"Characteristics of renal function in patients diagnosed with COVID-19:An observational study","volume":"7","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"R35-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s43066-021-00144-1","article-title":"Long-term clinical and biochemical residue after COVID-19 recovery","volume":"11","author":"Gameil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt Liver J"},{"key":"R36-20240828","first-page":"e15304","article-title":"Long-term X-ray findings in patients with coronavirus disease-2019","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R37-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E177","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021203153","article-title":"Six-month Follow-up chest CT Findings after severe COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"299","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R38-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2021.10.012","article-title":"COVID-19 follow-up:Chest X-ray findings with clinical and radiological relationship three months after recovery","volume":"28","author":"Fogante","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiography (Lond)"},{"key":"R39-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003690","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03690-2020","article-title":"Pulmonary function and radiological features 4 months after COVID-19:First results from the national prospective observational Swiss COVID-19 lung study","volume":"57","author":"Guler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R40-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.06.003","article-title":"Anormal pulmonary function and residual CT abnormalities in rehabilitating COVID-19 patients after discharge","volume":"81","author":"You","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R41-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001217","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01217-2020","article-title":"Abnormal pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients at time of hospital discharge","volume":"55","author":"Mo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R42-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001754","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01754-2020","article-title":"Functional characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at 30 days postinfection","volume":"56","author":"Frija-Masson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R43-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02992-6","article-title":"Lung ventilation function characteristics of survivors from severe COVID19:A prospective study","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R44-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93191-y","article-title":"Eight months follow-up study on pulmonary function, lung radiographic, and related physiological characteristics in COVID-19 survivors","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R45-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01429-6","article-title":"Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pulmonary function in early convalescence phase","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"R46-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202004-324OC","article-title":"Chest computed tomography and clinical follow-up of discharged patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang, China","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"R47-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-020-01869-z","article-title":"Chest CT in COVID-19 pneumonia:What are the findings in mid-term follow-up?","volume":"27","author":"Tabatabaei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"R48-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202010-3823LE","article-title":"High prevalence of pulmonary sequelae at 3 months after hospital discharge in mechanically ventilated survivors of COVID-19","volume":"203","author":"van","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R49-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.03.030","article-title":"Interstitial lung abnormalities and pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients:A short-term follow-up case series","volume":"77","author":"Gulati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"R50-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003481","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03481-2020","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary recovery after COVID-19-An observational prospective multi-center trial","volume":"57","author":"Sonnweber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R51-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeab190","article-title":"Evolution of right and left ventricle routine and speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients recovering from coronavirus diseasea longitudinal study","volume":"23","author":"Baruch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"R52-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100778","article-title":"Assessment of pulmonary arterial circulation 3 months after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia:Dual-energy CT (DECT) angiographic study in 55 patients","volume":"34","author":"Remy-Jardin","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1721_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:58:21Z","timestamp":1787839101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1721_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1721_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2249-4863","type":"print"},{"value":"2278-7135","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}