{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T03:23:01Z","timestamp":1788837781463,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Managing diabetes requires careful food choices, especially for those with limited access to nutritious options. Intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a promising strategy for improving outcomes in both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by stabilizing blood glucose levels and aiding in weight management. This review explores various methods of IF, including the 16\/8 method, 5:2 diet, Eat-Stop-Eat, and others, highlighting their potential benefits such as weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance. Although IF shows promise, particularly in T2DM, it poses risks like hypoglycemia and dehydration, particularly in T1DM. Safe practices include consulting healthcare providers, monitoring glucose and ketone levels, and adjusting medications. This review highlights the need for individualized approaches to IF to optimize diabetes management and mitigate risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1992_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:00:08Z","timestamp":1759006808000},"page":"3637-3641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of intermittent fasting on diabetic patients-A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ravikoti","family":"Shyamala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, AIIMS, Bibinagar, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikas","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CFM, Executive director AIIMS, Bibinagar, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saykkulandai Kuppuswamy","family":"Mohanasundari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of College of Nursing, AIIMS, Bibinagar, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20251009","first-page":"e41409","article-title":"Self-care practices and their role in the control of diabetes: A narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Ahmad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R3-20251009","first-page":"e70289","article-title":"Assessing the utility of the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) in evaluating metabolic risk among individuals undergoing master health checkups in a tertiary care hospital in South India: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Tazeem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R4-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3525","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15163525","article-title":"Efficacy of fasting in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Herz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R5-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.2337\/dci22-0034","article-title":"Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American diabetes association (ADA) and the European association for the study of diabetes (EASD)","volume":"45","author":"Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R6-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14186","article-title":"Effect of intermittent fasting 16: 8 and 14: 10 compared with control-group on weight reduction and metabolic outcomes in obesity with type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Sukkriang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"R7-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2339337","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.39337","article-title":"Effect of time-restricted eating on weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Pavlou","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R8-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2416786","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.16786","article-title":"A 5: 2 intermittent fasting meal replacement diet and glycemic control for adults with diabetes: The EARLY randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R9-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2015.02.018","article-title":"Intermittent fasting and human metabolic health","volume":"115","author":"Patterson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"R12-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11040873","article-title":"Clinical management of intermittent fasting in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Grajower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R17-20251009","first-page":"117","article-title":"Intermittent fasting and weight loss: Systematic review","volume":"66","author":"Welton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"R18-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325894","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1325894","article-title":"The effects of different intermittent fasting regimens in people with type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Xiaoyu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"R19-20251009","first-page":"e28800","article-title":"Role of intermittent fasting in the management of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Ojo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R21-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-021-00613-9","article-title":"Time-restricted feeding improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Che","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"R22-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2023.104893","article-title":"Intermittent fasting: Exploring approaches, benefits, and implications for health and weight management","volume":"20","author":"Nye","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nurse Pract"},{"key":"R23-20251009","first-page":"6999907","article-title":"Effect of intermittent fasting diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in patients with impaired glucose and lipid metabolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol 2022"},{"key":"R25-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180756","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.0756","article-title":"Effect of intermittent compared with continuous energy restricted diet on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized noninferiority trial","volume":"1","author":"Carter","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R26-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13595","article-title":"Intermittent fasting in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of hypoglycaemia: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Corley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabet Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1992_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:47:34Z","timestamp":1787068054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1992_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1992_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2249-4863","type":"print"},{"value":"2278-7135","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-07","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}