{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:38:20Z","timestamp":1787841500785,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The winter climate in Delhi is severe, with temperatures dropping below 10\u00b0C. As a result, individuals often resort to utilizing diverse heat sources such as electrical heating appliances, coal and gas geysers. Unfortunately, these sources are commonly associated with the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) which can accumulate in inadequately ventilated spaces. Exposure to this noxious gas can lead to acute lethargy and debilitation, leaving individuals in a state of helpless distress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study utilized a retrospective descriptive analysis to examine cases of fatal carbon monoxide exposure retrieved from the Department of Forensic Medicine archives at the esteemed All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Autopsy records were thoroughly examined with respect to various parameters including age, gender, seasonality of the incident, circumstances surrounding the death, source of carbon monoxide generation, post mortem observations, as well as toxicological analysis reports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study entailed an analysis of 56 individuals who fell victim to carbon monoxide poisoning, with a staggering 95% of fatalities occurring during the winter season. The majority of the individuals affected belonged to the age bracket of 21\u201330 years. The most common sources of carbon monoxide exposure were linked to the use of coal-burning earthen or iron vessels for room heating, as well as structural fires. With the exception of one case, all incidents were accidental in nature. Additionally, nearly all of the victims were discovered in enclosed spaces with heating equipment in close proximity, and evidence of a struggle was noted on the crime scene or with the deceased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study indicate that the principal contributor to the inadvertent build-up of lethal concentrations of carbon monoxide gas is the utilization of heating appliances within inadequately ventilated, enclosed spaces. Due to the scentless and non-irritating properties of this gas, individuals who are asleep may be unable to detect its presence in their surroundings, thereby leading to a silent death. To mitigate such risks, the installation of carbon monoxide detectors is crucial. Additionally, it is of utmost importance to raise public awareness regarding the perils associated with using fire pots, coal burning and electrical heating appliances in areas with insufficient ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2055_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T02:09:38Z","timestamp":1721959778000},"page":"3106-3110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Carbon monoxide-related fatalities: A fifteen-year single institution experience"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishat A.","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhimanyu","family":"Vasudeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adarsh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudhir K","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.06.037","article-title":"Carbon monoxide intoxication: An updated review","volume":"262","author":"Prockop","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2009.01.017","article-title":"Carbon monoxide poisoning in morocco during 1999-2007","volume":"16","author":"Ait El Cadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"R3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2005.06.007","article-title":"Carbon monoxide poisoning","volume":"89","author":"Kao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2014.02.002","article-title":"Carbon monoxide poisoning as a cause of death and differential diagnosis in the forensic practice: A retrospective study, 2000-2010","volume":"24","author":"Ruas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.06.012","article-title":"Carbon monoxide-related deaths in a metropolitan county in the USA: An 11-year study","volume":"149","author":"Homer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"R7-20240828","first-page":"1","article-title":"Handbook on energy conscious buildings","volume":"3","author":"Nayak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prep Interact R Proj"},{"key":"R9-20240828","first-page":"158","article-title":"Accidental death due to carbon monoxide: Case Report","volume":"4","author":"Chand-Meena","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Toxicol Forensic Med"},{"key":"R10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.58546","article-title":"Accidental carbon monoxide poisoning in our homes","volume":"13","author":"Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.29059","article-title":"Gas Geyser - 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