{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T23:38:56Z","timestamp":1790552336007,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"\n Context:<\/jats:title>\n Tobacco use is the leading single preventable cause of deaths worldwide. India is the second largest consumer of tobacco in the world.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n To study the prevalence of tobacco use among the adult population >15 years age of District Gautam-Budh Nagar and find the association of various socio-demographic factors with the tobacco usage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n Cross-sectional community-based study conducted in urban and rural areas of District Gautam-Budh Nagar, Uttar-Pradesh.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The study was conducted among 1461 adults aged 15 years and above in the District Gautam-Budh Nagar. Multistage sampling was used to select the study subjects. The questionnaire used for the interview consisted of questions related to socio-demographic profile, smoking habits and smokeless tobacco use, intention to quit and exposure to second-hand smoke.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n \n The data were entered and analyzed in SPSS Software version 20.0. The prevalence of tobacco use was expressed in percentages. The association between various socio-demographic factors and tobacco use was assessed by Chi-square test.\n P<\/jats:italic>\n value < 0.05 was taken as significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Prevalence of tobacco usage in this study was found to be 50.4% (65% among males and 28.8% among females). The prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco use in our study was 37.2% and 21.3%, respectively. Increasing age, male gender, and lower educational status were found to be significant risk factors for tobacco use in our study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n India needs to gear up the efforts more and can still do more to make the proven tobacco control tools work for its citizens\u2019 well-being.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2135_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T05:11:16Z","timestamp":1659330676000},"page":"3559-3564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence of usage of Tobacco and its various correlates in District Gautam-Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shalini","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harsh","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Dohare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Khurana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R3-27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0707719","article-title":"A nationally representative case\u2013control study of smoking and death in India","volume":"358","author":"Jha","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R4-27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.147477","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco use:A meta-analysis of risk and attributable mortality estimates for India","volume":"51","author":"Sinha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Cancer"},{"key":"R5-27-20240828","first-page":"370","article-title":"Mouth cancer in India:A new epidemic?","volume":"97","author":"Gupta","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"key":"R8-27-20240828","first-page":"4852","article-title":"Tobacco Control in India","volume":"81","author":"Shimkhada","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R12-27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-020-00898-x","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use among men in India:Findings from a nationally representative data","volume":"25","author":"Islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Health Prev Med"},{"key":"R13-27-20240828","first-page":"16","article-title":"Prevalence and pattern of tobacco use in rural community of Jaipur, Rajasthan (India):A cross sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Dixit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl J Community Med"},{"key":"R15-27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5856740","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5856740","article-title":"Sociodemographic correlates of tobacco consumption in rural Gujarat, India","volume":"2016","author":"Kahar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2135_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:08:07Z","timestamp":1787756887000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2135_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2135_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2249-4863"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2249-4863","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}