{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:34:19Z","timestamp":1791232459018,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Both immediate and long-term adverse effects arise out of this disease\u2019s aftermath. It involves various organs, which include endocrine glands, nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and other organs. The long-term outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 infection are influenced by preexisting comorbidities. Genetic, environmental, and immunological factors contribute to the development of various autoimmune diseases, which include Graves\u2019 disease (GD). The growing mystery surrounding this virus is exacerbated by auto-inflammatory diseases, such as pediatric inflammatory multisystemic syndrome (PIMS) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), which raises concerns about the nature of the virus\u2019 connection to the autoimmune and auto-inflammatory sequelae. There is a need to understand the underlying mechanisms of developing GD in post-COVID-19 patients. There are limited data regarding the pathogenesis involved in post-COVID-19 GD. Our goal was to understand the various mechanisms involved in post-COVID-19 GD among patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for 2020, a literature search of medical databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus) from February 2021 to February 2022 was performed by five authors. The keywords used were \u201cPost COVID-19,\u201d \u201cGrave\u2019s disease,\u201d \u201cCytokine storm,\u201d \u201cAutoimmunity,\u201d and \u201cMolecular mimicry.\u201d This review revealed three underlying mechanisms that resulted in post-COVID GD, which included cytokine storm, molecular mimicry, ACE2 receptor concentration, and cell-mediated immunity. The full spectrum of the effects of COVID-19 needs to be researched.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2246_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T06:02:10Z","timestamp":1695967330000},"page":"1784-1789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of COVID-19 on thyroid gland functions with reference to Graves\u2019 disease: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"I. S.","family":"Vamshidhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Mahabubabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. S. 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