{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:30:58Z","timestamp":1787758258784,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted this study with an objective to compare the diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen and antibody kits for early detection (&lt;5 days of fever) and late detection (&gt;5 days of fever) of S.Typhi and S.Paratyphi in relation to the Widal test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over 15 months, during which 180 cases of documented fever were enrolled. Paired samples (at &lt;5 and &gt;5 days of fever) were processed for rapid antigen test (RAg), rapid antibody test (RAb) and Widal test. Blood culture (BacT\/Alert system) was considered as the gold standard for confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean (SD) age of patients with enteric fever was 16.42 (12.53) years, with a slight male preponderance (58.33% males vs. 41.67% females). Positive blood culture was reported in 58 (32.22%) cases. For RAg, RAb and Widal tests, the diagnostic accuracy was 45.56%, 42.22% and 41.11%, respectively, which was comparable for diagnosing enteric fever in cases with &lt;5 days of fever (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.675). For fever &gt;5 days, RAg showed a significantly lower diagnostic accuracy (15%) as compared to RAb (61.11%) and Widal test (66.11%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study concludes that RAg marks a high sensitivity of accurate diagnosis in the initial five days of typhoid fever while RAb (with or without Widal tests), hold a superior sensitivity for diagnosis after five days of onset of enteric fever.<\/jats:p>\n                  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