{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:26:12Z","timestamp":1787775972125,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forensic odontology plays a pivotal role in identifying individuals in legal contexts. This study analyses the efficacy of lip prints, tongue prints and mandibular canine width in determining gender, aiming to contribute to the evolving field of forensic dentistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 100 participants, analysing lip prints based on Tsuchihashi\u2019s classification, recording tongue shapes and features through the use of alginate impressions and measuring mandibular canine width using a vernier calliper. The findings were reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In lip prints, Tsuchihashi\u2019s Type I lip print was predominantly found in females, whereas Tsuchihashi\u2019s Type III prevailed in males. Tongue shapes revealed a predominance of pentagonal shapes in males and ovoid shapes in females. The lingual apex was blunt in males and sharp in females. Mandibular canine width was higher in males than females on both the left and right sides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study support the use of lip prints, tongue prints and canine width in determining gender as ancillary and supporting methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_242_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T01:01:00Z","timestamp":1729213260000},"page":"4528-4533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Patterns of identity: Lip prints, tongue prints and mandibular canine width as markers for gender determination\u2014A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Rana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirasantchu","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Chandra","family":"Sekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y Mercy","family":"Sravanthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karan Hiral","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20250114","first-page":"115","article-title":"Current trends in forensic odontology","volume":"9","author":"Jeddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"},{"key":"R3-20250114","first-page":"28","article-title":"Modern tools in forensic dentistry","volume":"20112","author":"Meer","journal-title":"IJCD"},{"key":"R4-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2229411220110104","article-title":"Lip prints: An overview in forensic dentistry","volume":"2","author":"Reddy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Adv Oral Res"},{"key":"R5-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4323\/rjlm.2014.263","article-title":"Preliminary study on the tongue-based forensic identification","volume":"22","author":"Stefanescu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rom J Leg Med"},{"key":"R6-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9432(74)90034-X","article-title":"Studies on personal identification by means of lip prints","volume":"3","author":"Tsuchihashi","year":"1974","journal-title":"Forensic Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-1475.186364","article-title":"Mandibular canine dimensions as an aid in gender estimation","volume":"8","author":"Rajarathnam","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"},{"key":"R8-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_185_15","article-title":"Tongue prints in biometric authentication: A pilot study","volume":"21","author":"Jeddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"R9-20250114","first-page":"60","article-title":"Comparative assessment of lip print and tongue print in gender determination: A cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Mani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Forensic Odontol"},{"key":"R10-20250114","first-page":"45","article-title":"Study of the effect of age changes on lip print pattern and its reliability in sex determination","volume":"29","author":"Randhawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Forensic Odontostomatol"},{"key":"R11-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-1475.99157","article-title":"Study of lip print pattern in a Punjabi population","volume":"4","author":"Sandhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"},{"key":"R12-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_352_14","article-title":"Study of lip prints in different ethno-racial groups in India","volume":"28","author":"Kaul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"R13-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.93453","article-title":"A comparison of lip prints between Aryans-Dravidians and Mongols","volume":"22","author":"Prasad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"R14-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3245","article-title":"Gender determination: Role of lip prints, finger prints and mandibular canine index","volume":"11","author":"Krishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"R15-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_19","article-title":"Cheiloscopy in gender determination: A study on 2112 individuals","volume":"9","author":"Thermadam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R16-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S554","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_160_22","article-title":"Sexual predilection of lingual morphology-A cross-sectional comparative study","volume":"14","author":"Bhargava","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R17-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4103\/jfo.jfds_41_16","article-title":"Mandibular canine: A tool for sex identification in forensic odontology","volume":"9","author":"Kumawat","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_242_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:46:57Z","timestamp":1787773617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_242_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_242_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2249-4863","type":"print"},{"value":"2278-7135","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}