{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:31:19Z","timestamp":1787841079694,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical Activity (PA) significantly contributes to the management and prevention of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases. A good PA for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), is identified as a key to management and improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate PA among diabetic patients along with factors preventing or enabling them performing PA to manage their health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Family Medicine Clinics of Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subject and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study was conducted during August-2022 to April-2023. In this study 345 patients with T2DM aged between 25 and 65 years were enrolled in the study. The outcome variables i.e. PA, barriers and promoters of PA were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data analysis was performed IBM SPSS v 26. Qualitative variables were reported as frequency (%) while quantitative variables were reported as mean \u00b1 SD\/median (IQR). For controlling confounders, binary logistic regression was applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 345 patients, female was predominant (68.9%) and the median age of patients was 53 years. However, 94.5% patients were observed to have low PA. The most common barrier and promoter of PA was unavailability of place (14.5%) and good glycemic control (45.5%) respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of the patients with T2DM were found to have low PA. The most common barriers and promoters of PA were the unavailability of a place to exercise and good glycaemic control, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_285_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:01:03Z","timestamp":1759006863000},"page":"3837-3843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Barriers and promoters of physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting in family medicine clinics"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bhagwan D.","family":"Lohano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nida I.","family":"Shamsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/1559827612469337","article-title":"Physical activity, type 2 diabetes, and ethnicity: Recent findings and implications","volume":"7","author":"Huffman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Lifestyle Med"},{"key":"R2-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.10.1218","article-title":"Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials","volume":"286","author":"Boul\u00e9","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R3-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.14.1291","article-title":"Diabetes and decline in heart disease mortality in US adults","volume":"281","author":"Gu","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R4-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61031-9","article-title":"Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: An analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy","volume":"380","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R5-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302253280804","article-title":"The association of changes in physical-activity level and other lifestyle characteristics with mortality among men","volume":"328","author":"Paffenbarger","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R6-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520290054029","article-title":"A recommendation from the centers for disease control and prevention and the American college of sports medicine","volume":"273","author":"Pate","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 1","key":"R7-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2008.01.016","article-title":"Role of physical activity in diabetes management and prevention","volume":"108","author":"Hayes","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"R8-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1109345","article-title":"Noncommunicable diseases","volume":"369","author":"Hunter","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R10-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007","article-title":"Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030","volume":"87","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"R11-20251009","first-page":"234","article-title":"Pattern of physical activity among persons with type 2 diabetes with special consideration to daily routine","volume":"32","author":"Arshad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"R12-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4236\/ojemd.2016.67023","article-title":"Primary healthcare system of Pakistan: Challenges to self-management of type 2 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Ansari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open J Endocr Metab Dis"},{"key":"R13-20251009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.1.27","article-title":"Leisure-time physical activity patterns in the U. 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