{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:30:15Z","timestamp":1787776215641,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n There are two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV): HSV Type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV Type 1 (HSV-2). Viral comorbidity in HIV is on the increase. This study determines the seroprevalence of HSV 1 and 2 among immunodeficient patients in Gwagwalada, Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This is a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study which spanned 24 months from October 2014 to September 2016. A total of 160 HIV seropositive patients were recruited from venereology clinic.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The overall prevalence of herpes simplex infection among HIV seropositive patients in this study was 13.8%, the prevalence of herpes simplex Type 1 was 63.6%, while that of herpes simplex Type 2 was 36.4%. The mean age of the patients was 29 \u00b1 13.9 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1:2. There were 52 male (32.5%) and 108 female (67.5%) seropositives. Among the 22 patients with positive HSV result, seven representing 31.8% were males, while 15 (68.2%) were females. The buttock was the predominant site of the body affected by herpes lesions in 7 of the patients representing 31.8%, four of these patients were infected with herpes simplex Type 2, while three representing 21.4% were herpes simplex Type 1. Other body sites are labia\/penile (18.1%), oral (22.7%), and nasal (13.6%). In association with CD4 counts, five (35.7%) Herpes simplex Type 1 was isolated from patients with CD4 counts of 200\u2013500 cell\/mm and >500 cells\/mm, respectively. The seroprevalence of herpes simplex Type 2 among patients with CD4 counts of <200 cell\/mm was 62.5%.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Herpes simplex infections are important viral comorbidity among HIV patients; this was more observed among females. Sexual practice play an important role with the occurrence of HSV-1 in patients with genital rash and predominance of buttock lesion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_168_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T07:56:31Z","timestamp":1566892591000},"page":"107-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients in Resource-Limited Setting"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Thairu","family":"Yunusa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shehu Abubakar","family":"Haruna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family 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