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Plain radiography revealed periosteal elevation with bony destruction of the proximal phalanx. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed signal intensity changes with collection suggestive of infection. Blood investigations were within the normal limits, except slightly raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. A differential diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis was performed. Since the swelling was growing with the overlying skin likely to give way, it was treated with incision and drainage. Cytology with Gram's and auramine staining helped in confirming the diagnosis of spina ventosa. Biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, and antitubercular therapy forms the mainstay of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_198_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T07:01:52Z","timestamp":1611990112000},"page":"36-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spina Ventosa"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ankur","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheetal","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savitri","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumi","family":"Nandwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_122_17","article-title":"The epidemiology of tuberculous dactylitis: A case report and review of literature","volume":"6","author":"Sahli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"R3-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2018.05.018","article-title":"Retained foreign body masquerading as chronic osteomyelitis: A series of 3 cases and literature review","volume":"10","author":"Agarwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R4-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.93683","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the foot: An osteolytic variety","volume":"46","author":"Dhillon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind J Orthop"},{"key":"R5-8-20240828","first-page":"OD23","article-title":"Multifocal tubercular dactylitis: A rare presentation of skeletal tuberculosis in an adult","volume":"11","author":"Thatoi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diag Res"},{"key":"R6-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1811.007","article-title":"Needle aspiration and cytology for suspected osteoarticular tuberculosis in children","volume":"12","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malays Orthop J"},{"key":"R7-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex398","article-title":"Spina ventosa: An uncommon case report of primary tuberculosis infection","volume":"57","author":"Rekik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"R8-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1889.02401130009001d","article-title":"Tuberculosis of bones and joints","volume":"13","author":"Fenger","year":"1889","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R9-8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(75)90337-X","article-title":"A comparison of the substrate specificities of endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidases from Streptomyces griseus and Diplococcus pneumoniae","volume":"67","author":"Tarentino","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"}],"container-title":["Journal of Global Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jgid.jgid_198_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:38:15Z","timestamp":1787845095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jgid.jgid_198_20"}},"subtitle":["An often Missed Diagnosis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jgid.jgid_198_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-777X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-777X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}