{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:25:15Z","timestamp":1787775915931,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine whether the levels of serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], calprotectin, and N terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]) predict the severity and outcome in children with peritonitis. The primary objective was to evaluate the profile of these serum inflammatory biomarkers in children with peritonitis. The secondary objectives were to correlate the level of these biomarkers with pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) severity score at admission and predict the outcome (mortality).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective observational study, the level of above serum inflammatory biomarkers in children with peritonitis was measured at the time of admission. The disease severity was assessed using pSOFA score and the association of these biomarkers with the outcomes was studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 80 children with peritonitis (M: F:: 9:7, mean age: 6.22 \u00b1 3.7 years) were included. The median values of serum CRP, IL-6, calprotectin, and NT-proBNP were 196.88 mg\/L (interquartile range [IQR]: 124.37, 285.6), 6.74 pg\/ml (IQR: 1.87, 12.54), 46750 \u03bcg\/L (IQR: 17937.5, 84075), and 365.2 ng\/L (IQR: 170, 1034), respectively. Serum CRP and NT-proBNP correlated with pSOFA score. The pSOFA score &gt;4 and serum NT-proBNP were significant in predicting mortality in children with peritonitis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children with peritonitis, serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, i.e. CRP, calprotectin, and NT-proBNP were found to be raised, whereas IL-6 was not raised. The pSOFA score &gt;4 predicted mortality. The serum levels of NT-proBNP were significantly raised in nonsurvivors in children with peritonitis, therefore, can be used as a predictor of severity and mortality in children with peritonitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_140_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T01:00:56Z","timestamp":1735866056000},"page":"28-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Profile of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in Children with Peritonitis and their Role in Predicting the Severity and Outcome"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Chandra","family":"Vibhash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kalawati Saran Children\u2019s Hospital and Associated Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhasis Roy","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kalawati Saran Children\u2019s Hospital and Associated Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children\u2019s Hospital and Associated Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogesh Kumar","family":"Sarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kalawati Saran Children\u2019s Hospital and Associated Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05819-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection and sepsis in critically ill patients:\u201cAbSeS\u201d, a multinational observational cohort study and ESICM trials group project","volume":"45","author":"Blot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"R2-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1585","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1585","article-title":"Sepsis:Pathophysiology and clinical management","volume":"353","author":"Gotts","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R3-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.21614\/chirurgia.2660","article-title":"Significance of biomarkers in early diagnosis of abdominal sepsis","volume":"117","author":"Arbutina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chirurgia (Bucur)"},{"key":"R4-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-022-03285-3","article-title":"Biomarker combinations in predicting sepsis in hospitalized children with fever","volume":"22","author":"Rautiainen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"R5-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R201","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12895","article-title":"Local and systemic innate immune response to secondary human peritonitis","volume":"17","author":"Rich\u00e9","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R6-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2011.01251.x","article-title":"Novel serum and urine markers for pediatric appendicitis","volume":"19","author":"Kharbanda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"R7-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951120000402","article-title":"N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels in children:Comparison in cardiac and non-cardiac diseases","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"R8-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.14789\/jmj.2021.67.JMJ20-OA09","article-title":"Usefulness of an IL-6 semi-quantification kit in patients with perforation peritonitis","volume":"67","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Juntendo Med J"},{"key":"R9-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819def97","article-title":"The sequential organ failure assessment score for predicting outcome in patients with severe sepsis and evidence of hypoperfusion at the time of emergency department presentation","volume":"37","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R10-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518793791","article-title":"Diagnostic and predictive performance of biomarkers in patients with sepsis in an intensive care unit","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"R12-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4314\/ecajs.v22i3.3","article-title":"Epidemiological study of peritonitis among children and factors predicting mortality at a tertiary referral hospital in Rwanda","volume":"22","author":"Mutabazi","year":"2017","journal-title":"East Cent AfrJ Surg"},{"key":"R13-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fmac011","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmac011","article-title":"Magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcome in paediatric surgical inpatients during the first wave of pandemic at a tertiary care children's hospital in India","volume":"68","author":"Prajapati","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"R14-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.21037\/tp-21-123","article-title":"Clinical value of NT-proBNP measurements in assessing patients in the pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"key":"R15-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1080\/AC.70.5.3110515","article-title":"Correlations between NT-proBNP, outcome and haemodynamics in patients with septic shock","volume":"70","author":"Guaricci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"R16-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2019.10.008","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides to predict short-term mortality in patients with sepsis:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Vallabhajosyula","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"R17-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2016-0032","article-title":"Performance of plasma calprotectin as a biomarker of early sepsis:A pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Simm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"R18-20250113","first-page":"283","article-title":"Interleukin-6 as an early marker mortality prediction in the first day of pediatric septic shock in the pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"25","author":"Setyaningtyas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care Shock"},{"key":"R19-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.37358\/RC.20.7.8262","article-title":"Bilirubin, interleukin 6 (IL 6) and Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP)-biomarkers of sepsis in appendicular peritonitis","volume":"71","author":"Serban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Chim"},{"key":"R20-20250113","first-page":"103524","article-title":"Role of inflammatory and hematological markers in predicting the complicated and perforated acute appendicitis in pediatric population:A cohort study","volume":"76","author":"Haider Kazmi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"R21-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4608053","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4608053","article-title":"Laboratory markers in the prediction of acute perforated appendicitis in children","volume":"2019","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Med Int"},{"key":"R22-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-018-1082-2","article-title":"Development and validation of a diagnostic model for early differentiation of sepsis and non-infectious SIRS in critically ill children \u2013A data-driven approach using machine-learning algorithms","volume":"18","author":"Lamping","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"R23-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24505","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24505","article-title":"Combination of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis","volume":"36","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"R24-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1714705","article-title":"Sequential organ failure assessment score as a predictor of outcome in sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"10","author":"Lalitha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Intensive Care"},{"key":"R25-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.21608\/bjas.2018.191149","article-title":"Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score in the pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"3","author":"Sayed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Benha J Appl Sci"},{"key":"R26-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89024","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.89024","article-title":"Performance of the pediatric sequential organ failure assessment score in assessing the prognosis of children with sepsis in a PICU of a developing country:A single-center retrospective observational study","volume":"29","author":"Mianling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"R27-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24509","article-title":"Serial evaluation of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA) as a predictor of outcome in children admitted in Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at tertiary care hospital","volume":"27","author":"Lois","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R28-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpedi.2019.05.018","article-title":"Paediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) score:A new mortality prediction score in the paediatric intensive care unit","volume":"92","author":"Mohamed El-Mashad","year":"2020","journal-title":"An Pediatr (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"R29-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-023-04971-5","article-title":"Correlation of serum calprotectin with SOFA Score in Pediatric Sepsis \u2013A cross-sectional pilot study","volume":"91","author":"Walecha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"R30-20250113","first-page":"9","article-title":"Peritonitis in children. Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutical study","volume":"89\/90","author":"Surd","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"R31-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2010.046","article-title":"Peritonitis in children:Our experience in Benin City, Nigeria","volume":"12","author":"Osifo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"R32-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2017.02.010","article-title":"Infected ascites:Distinguishing secondary peritonitis from spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in a cirrhotic patient with classic symptoms","volume":"8","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"R33-20250113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050719","article-title":"Peritonitis in childhood:Aspects of pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"16","author":"Haecker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"}],"container-title":["Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_140_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:44:45Z","timestamp":1787773485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_140_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_140_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-9261","1998-3891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-9261","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}