{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:27:07Z","timestamp":1787772427768,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"\n Aims<\/jats:title>\n To assess the role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), alone or in combination with anticholinergic drugs in the management of neurogenic bladder (NB) in spina bifida (SB).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n All the consecutive patients, visiting outpatient clinic between July 2017 and December 2018, who were toilet trained and at least 1 year post-SB surgery with clinical and\/or urodynamic evidence of NB, were included in the study. Out of 65 patients, 40 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were randomised into: group A (ten patients, placebo TENS with anticholinergic agents), Group B (14 patients, TENS therapy with placebo medications) and Group C (16 patients, TENS therapy with anticholinergic medications). All the patients maintained a voiding diary and underwent assessment before and after the intervention. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The presenting symptoms were urinary incontinence (100%), increased frequency (45%), straining during micturition (22.5%), urgency (22.5%), and hesitancy (30%). The demographic parameters were comparable in all the groups. After group specific intervention, the wet episodes\/day significantly improved in Group C (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). Similarly, the mean wet days\/week also improved significantly in Group C (6.5\u20134.37 days\/week,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.01). Out of 40 patients, 29 had abnormal findings on ultrasonography before the start of the therapy. Following intervention, only two patients in Group C showed normalization of findings. On Urodynamic studies, detrusor pressure (Pdet max) decreased in all the groups; however, the patients in Group C, showed the maximum reduction (56.6 \u00b1 11\u201330 \u00b1 6.7 cm H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O). Similarly compliance (9.4 to 14.5 cm H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02) and bladder capacity (68%\u201388% of EBC,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001) also improved significantly in Group C as compared to other 2 groups Overall, nine patients (Group A, B, and C = 1, 3, and five patients, respectively) showed detrusor instability, while post therapy, only one patient (Group B) had unstable bladder. Maximum decrease in postvoid residue (mean) was also observed in Group C (77\u201341 ml,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.01).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The application of TENS in NB secondary to SB is effective and its application led to improvement in symptoms, decrease in the wet episodes\/day, maximum detrusor pressure, instability, bladder compliance, and capacity. TENS therapy in combination with anticholinergic agents had a better outcome as compared to monotherapy with either of the two modalities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_220_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T10:12:35Z","timestamp":1716545555000},"page":"570-576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in management of neurogenic bladder secondary to spina bifida"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Swapnil","family":"Pattanshetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jai 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