{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T12:19:01Z","timestamp":1788437941803,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a late complication of corrosive ingestion, particularly in children. Although corrosive injuries primarily affect the esophagus, involvement of the pyloric antrum with progressive stenosis is also common. Optimal surgical management remains debated, and evidence supporting the use of Billroth 1 reconstruction continues to evolve. The study reviews eight patients who developed corrosive acid-induced GOO and underwent surgical intervention. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically to assess the severity of obstruction. The operative procedure primarily consisted of antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy (Billroth 1) based on intraoperative findings and the extent of fibrosis. Postoperative outcomes, symptom resolution, and ability to tolerate feeds were assessed during follow-up. All eight patients had pyloric obstruction with marked antral fibrosis. Billroth 1 reconstruction was successfully completed in all cases. Postoperatively, patients demonstrated early return of gastric emptying and tolerated oral feeds well. All patients remained asymptomatic, exhibited weight gain, and showed no evidence of recurrence or postoperative complications on follow-up. The procedure provided definitive relief and restored normal physiological continuity of the gastrointestinal tract. Corrosive-induced GOO requires individualized management based on the extent of injury and patient condition. Through this manuscript, we advocate Billroth 1 as a safe and effective treatment of GOO with good short- to mid-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaps.jiaps_420_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T09:00:13Z","timestamp":1788426013000},"page":"718-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Billroth 1: Surgical Management of Pediatric Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Our Institutional Experience: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Rajib","family":"Bora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunima","family":"Bharadwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayush","family":"Khati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujoy","family":"Neogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simmi K.","family":"Ratan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Saxsena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900107","article-title":"Elective surgery for corrosive-induced gastric injury","volume":"20","author":"Chaudhary","year":"1996","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R2-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01958758","article-title":"Caustic burns of the upper digestive and respiratory tracts","volume":"150","author":"Vergauwen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"R3-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-010-2613-6","article-title":"Pediatric gastric outlet obstruction following corrosive ingestion","volume":"26","author":"Ozokutan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg 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report","volume":"29","author":"Poocharoen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thai J Surg"},{"key":"R8-20260903","first-page":"178","article-title":"Surgical management of corrosive strictures of stomach","volume":"23","author":"Agarwal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R9-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.4103\/ejs.ejs_193_23","article-title":"Pyloric resection with Billroth 1 gastroduodenostomy versus bypass loop gastrojejunostomy for the management of post corrosive long segment pyloric stricture: A retrospective study","volume":"42","author":"Omar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt J Surg"},{"key":"R10-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900107","article-title":"Elective surgery for corrosive-induced gastric injury","volume":"20","author":"Chaudhary","year":"1996","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R11-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.24725","article-title":"Corrosive injury-induced gastric outlet obstruction: A changing spectrum of agents and treatment","volume":"36","author":"Tekant","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R12-20260903","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2482","DOI":"10.18410\/jebmh\/2018\/512","article-title":"Billroth 1 for corrosive antral stricture our experience","volume":"5","author":"Venugopal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Evid Based Med Healthc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric 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