{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:47:35Z","timestamp":1787237255417,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multiple strains of Mycobacteria cause tuberculosis (TB), a chronic, specific infectious granulomatous disease. It mainly occurs with pulmonary involvement when compared to extrapulmonary involvement. Primary oral occurrence is uncommon and oral lesions are usually secondary to pulmonary involvement. When there are no active pulmonary clinical manifestations of TB, the diagnosis of the very rare entity of primary gingival TB poses a great challenge to clinicians. In this case report, we discuss a case of primary gingival TB in a 24-year-old lactating mother. This article briefs the onset and course of the lesion during pregnancy and postpartum, elaborates the pathway to diagnosis, various investigations performed and the regimen of antitubercular therapy for 6 months, followed by complete resolution of the lesion without recurrence. This report also describes the significance of considering TB as a differential diagnosis in oral lesions and the various diagnostic methods available. It also emphasizes the sole importance of histopathology in the early detection of the lesion and its management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_134_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T17:53:22Z","timestamp":1717523602000},"page":"132-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gingiva as the primary site of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: A rare case report with brief review of literature"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Nakkeeran","family":"Adhithya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Government of Puducherry Institution, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivasan Poovan Kirubanidhi Kennedy","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Government of Puducherry Institution, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Tara","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Government of Puducherry Institution, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadathanadan Vachali","family":"Soorya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Government of Puducherry Institution, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80016-3","article-title":"Oral tuberculosis","volume":"81","author":"Eng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R3-20240828","first-page":"745","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the oral cavity:A case report","volume":"28","author":"de Aguiar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(91)90017-7","article-title":"Primary tuberculosis of the oral cavity","volume":"72","author":"Dimitrakopoulos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1287","article-title":"Primary gingival tuberculosis diagnosis:A difficult endeavor","volume":"14","author":"Gelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"R6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.79313","article-title":"Primary gingival tuberculosis:A rare clinical entity","volume":"2","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"key":"R7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3821","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_714_19","article-title":"Prevalence of oral lesions in tuberculosis:A cross sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Rout","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R8-20240828","first-page":"39","article-title":"Tuberculosis initially diagnosed by asymptomatic oral lesions. 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