{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:30:07Z","timestamp":1786728607764,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a game-based oral health education intervention in improving plaque and gingival scores among school children aged 12\u201315 years in comparison to traditional oral health education methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Conducted as a nonrandomized controlled trial over 7 months, the research included eight schools with a total of 162 participants allocated to either the intervention (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 82) or control (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 80) group. The intervention group engaged with the game, which integrated oral hygiene principles through visual simulation, while the control group received traditional oral health education using a Dentoform model. Baseline and follow-up clinical data were collected using the plaque index and simplified gingival index. Data compiled were statistically analyzed utilizing SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 26.0 software.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Postintervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements in both plaque index (0.89 \u00b1 0.27) and gingival index (1.02 \u00b1 0.23) compared to the control group (1.62 \u00b1 0.30 and 1.72 \u00b1 0.25, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Within-group improvements in the intervention group were also significant for both indices (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03, respectively). Bivariate analysis revealed that males had significantly higher postintervention scores than females (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006 for plaque and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.021 for gingival index), and age showed a mild positive correlation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.21 for plaque and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.18 for gingival index).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the potential of gamified interventions to enhance oral health education and engagement among adolescents, suggesting that such innovative approaches could lead to improved oral hygiene practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_344_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:01:08Z","timestamp":1778684468000},"page":"100-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of a game-based oral health intervention on plaque and gingival scores among schoolchildren: A nonrandomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sahil","family":"Thakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahil","family":"Negi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baljeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Bhasker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumedha","family":"Kushwaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Rani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"R3-20260514","first-page":"81","article-title":"Adolescents'oral health literacy and its association with dental health behaviors","volume":"39","author":"Varela-Mato","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"key":"R4-20260514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.100922","article-title":"Dental health education through the brushing ROBOTUTOR: A new learning experience","volume":"16","author":"Ahire","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"key":"R5-20260514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_41_25","article-title":"Evaluation of an oral hygiene robot as a motivational aid in plaque control: A comparative study","volume":"29","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"key":"R6-20260514","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in gamification in education: A systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Educ Technol Soc"},{"key":"R7-20260514","first-page":"9","article-title":"From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining \u201cGamification\u201c. 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