{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:27:15Z","timestamp":1787840835880,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Implant placement in the posterior maxilla is challenging in the case of maxillary sinus pneumatization. Increasing the vertical dimension by grafting the sinus floor is a common surgical modality. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are used to assess the presurgical anatomic variations of the maxillary sinus and determine the difficulty that might be encountered while performing sinus elevation. The sinus membrane is elevated from both the lateral and mesial walls of the sinus. The location and angulation of the palatal-nasal recess (PNR) on the medial wall of the sinus could complicate the elevation of the sinus membrane in this region. This study aimed to assess the angulation of the PNR and its position with respect to the alveolar crest in dentulous and edentulous subjects in the 1\n st<\/jats:sup>\n molar region on CBCT scans.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n One hundred and fifty-two scans were selected from the department database. Sagittal sections including the 1\n st<\/jats:sup>\n molar region were selected and measurements made. The PNR height was measured from the alveolar crest in millimeters and angulation in degrees and compared between the dentulous and edentulous groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The dentulous group showed a statistically significant greater distance (10.4 \u00b1 2.8 mm) between the alveolar crest and PNR as compared to the edentulous group (8.08 \u00b1 3.1 mm). The edentulous group showed a statistically significant greater PNR angle (139.6\n o<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 13.6\n o<\/jats:sup>\n ) as compared to the dentulous group (133.4\n o<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 16.4\n o<\/jats:sup>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Maxillary sinuses with acute-angled PNR and lesser distance from the alveolar crest should be carefully evaluated to avoid complications such as membrane perforation during their elevation from the bony wall of the sinus.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_496_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T23:00:35Z","timestamp":1740610835000},"page":"533-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cone-beam computed tomography assessment of palatal-nasal recess of maxillary sinus in dentulous and edentulous subjects"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Akriti","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avaneendra","family":"Talwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renita","family":"Castelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2921","article-title":"Evaluating the health economic implications and cost-effectiveness of dental implants: A literature review","volume":"28","author":"Vogel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"R2-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120371","article-title":"Palatonasal recess on medial wall of the maxillary sinus and clinical implications for sinus augmentation via lateral window approach","volume":"84","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R3-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/jomr.jomr_27_18","article-title":"Assessment of prevalence of anatomical variations and pathosis of the maxillary sinuses using cone-beam computed tomography in a sample of the population of Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Alzain","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"R4-20250227","first-page":"613","article-title":"Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone","volume":"38","author":"Boyne","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Oral Surg"},{"key":"R5-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-8532(22)02107-3","article-title":"Maxillary and sinus implant reconstructions","volume":"30","author":"Tatum","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dent Clin North Am"},{"key":"R6-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01272.x","article-title":"A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation","volume":"35","author":"Pjetursson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R7-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.4.511","article-title":"The prevalence of surgical complications of the sinus graft procedure and their impact on implant survival","volume":"75","author":"Schwartz-Arad","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R8-20250227","first-page":"1019","article-title":"A 12-year retrospective analytic study of the implant survival rate in 177 consecutive maxillary sinus augmentation procedures","volume":"25","author":"Cho-Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"R9-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1999.100105.x","article-title":"Blood supply to the maxillary sinus relevant to sinus floor elevation procedures","volume":"10","author":"Solar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"R10-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000188437.66363.7c","article-title":"Arterial supply of maxillary sinus and potential for bleeding complication during lateral approach sinus elevation","volume":"14","author":"Flanagan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"R11-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e3182341f79","article-title":"Sinus pathology and anatomy in relation to complications in lateral window sinus augmentation","volume":"20","author":"Chan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"R12-20250227","first-page":"160","article-title":"Influence of anatomy on Schneiderian membrane perforations during sinus elevation surgery: Three-dimensional analysis","volume":"13","author":"Cho","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pract Proced Aesthet Dent"},{"key":"R13-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2019.07.003","article-title":"Anatomical analyses for maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a lateral approach: A cone beam computed tomography study","volume":"226","author":"Kawakami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"R14-20250227","first-page":"119","article-title":"Radiographic assessment of findings in the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"15","author":"Dobele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stomatologija"},{"key":"R15-20250227","first-page":"115","article-title":"Sinus presurgical evaluation: A literature review and a new classification proposal","volume":"66","author":"Tavelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Minerva Stomatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"R16-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02375.x","article-title":"A systematic review of post-extractional alveolar hard and soft tissue dimensional changes in humans","volume":"23","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"R17-20250227","first-page":"191","article-title":"Treatment of the atrophic edentulous maxilla: Short implants versus bone augmentation for placing longer implants. Five-month post-loading results of a pilot randomised controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Felice","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"R18-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04628-1","article-title":"Short versus standard implants at sinus augmented sites: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Toledano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"R19-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2018.05.010","article-title":"Short implants (\u22648 mm) compared to standard length implants (>8 mm) in conjunction with maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Nielsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R20-20250227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120328","article-title":"Are short dental implants (<10 mm) effective? A meta-analysis on prospective clinical trials","volume":"84","author":"Monje","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jisp.jisp_496_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:29:52Z","timestamp":1787837392000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jisp.jisp_496_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jisp.jisp_496_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-124X","0975-1580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-124X","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-1580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-10","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}