{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:27:13Z","timestamp":1787840833012,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of exposure to the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO), with or without experimental periodontitis (EP), on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Male Wistar rats (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 84) were divided into Group 1: no EP and no exposure to 4NQO; Group 2: exposure to 4NQO (50 ppm) only; Group 3: EP only; and Group 4: after 20 weeks of exposure to 4NQO (50 ppm), EP was induced by placing a silk ligature on the upper right maxillary second molar for 15 days. Macroscopic analysis of the tongue and morphometric analysis of ABL were performed. Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney U tests were used, and a significance level of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05 was adopted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All animals exposed to 4NQO presented macroscopic lesions on the tongue. When considering the side with EP, no statistically significant difference was demonstrated between Groups 3 (median: 0.76; intervals interquartile [IQ]: 0.42\u20130.45) and 4 (median: 0.78; IQ: 0.70\u20130.80). In the side without EP, Group 4 (median: 0.51 mm; IQ: 0.45\u20130.70) presented significantly higher ABL compared to Group 1 (median: 0.41 mm; IQ: 0.38\u20130.43). Group 3 (median: 0.44; IQ: 0.41\u20130.47) showed no significant difference when compared to Groups 1 (median: 0.41; IQ: 0.38\u20130.43) and 2 (median: 0.46; IQ: 0.41\u20130.54).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was concluded that higher ABL occurred in the presence of a carcinogen. However, the combination of both 4NQO and EP did not promote higher ABL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_565_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T23:00:38Z","timestamp":1740610838000},"page":"516-521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of exposure to the carcinogen 50 ppm 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide on alveolar bone loss"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Marcelo Ekman","family":"Ribas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias Rauber","family":"Spuldaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto 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