{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:29:50Z","timestamp":1790972990685,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.jispcd_365_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T08:16:55Z","timestamp":1692001015000},"page":"58-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Influence of a Low-Carbohydrate and Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Ascorbic Acid, Antioxidants, and Fiber Diet on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Gingivitis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Savan Sunari","family":"Rajaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swet","family":"Nisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada Musharraf","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Shashikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaswata","family":"Karmakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayendra","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20240828","first-page":"18","article-title":"The role of diet in periodontal disease","volume":"52","author":"Milward","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dental Health"},{"key":"R2-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01663.x","article-title":"Micronutritional approaches to periodontal therapy","volume":"38","author":"Vander Velden","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R3-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080376","article-title":"The impact of the Stone Age diet on gingival conditions in the absence of oral hygiene","volume":"80","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R4-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01675.x","article-title":"Biological approaches to the development of novel periodontal therapies \u2013 Consensus of the Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology","volume":"38","author":"Tonetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R5-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2006.03.034","article-title":"Effects of high glucose on cellular activity of periodontal ligament cells in vitro","volume":"74","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"R6-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090628","article-title":"Adjunctive treatment of chronic periodontitis with daily dietary supplementation with omega-3 Fatty acids and low-dose aspirin","volume":"81","author":"El-Sharkawy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R7-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2010.01336.x","article-title":"The efficacy of host response modulation therapy (omega-3plus low-dose aspirin) as an adjunctive treatment of chronic periodontitis (clinical and biochemical study)","volume":"46","author":"Elkhouli","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Periodont Res"},{"key":"R8-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2008.03.005","article-title":"Plasma vitamin C is inversely associated with periodontitis","volume":"8","author":"Merchant","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract"},{"key":"R9-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.8.1215","article-title":"Dietaryvitamin C and the risk for periodontal disease","volume":"71","author":"Nishida","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R10-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01053.x","article-title":"Java project on periodontal diseases: the relationship between vitamin C and the severity of periodontitis","volume":"34","author":"Amaliya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R11-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2014.06.011","article-title":"Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: critical review and evidence base","volume":"31","author":"Feinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"R12-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-016-0257-1","article-title":"An oral health optimized diet can reduce gingival and periodontal inflammation inhumans\u2014a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Woelber","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"R13-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000335326","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society: carbohydrate intake and prevention of nutrition-related diseases","volume":"60","author":"Hauner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"R14-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity","volume":"21","author":"Loe","year":"1963","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"R15-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition","volume":"22","author":"Silness","year":"1964","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"R16-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_288_19","article-title":"Socioeconomic status scales\u2014modified Kuppuswamy and Udai Pareekh's scale updated for 2019","volume":"8","author":"Wani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R17-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2006.00178.x","article-title":"The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction","volume":"43","author":"Chapple","year":"2000 2007","journal-title":"Periodontology"},{"key":"R18-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201439353","article-title":"Pulling teeth from history: DNA from ancient teeth can help to yield information about our ancestors\u2019 health, diet and diseases","volume":"15","author":"Hunter","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"R19-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2536","article-title":"Sequencing ancient calcified dental plaque shows changes in oral microbiota with dietary shifts of the Neolithic and Industrial revolutions","volume":"45","author":"Adler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R20-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12672","article-title":"Nutrition, dental caries and periodontal disease: A narrative review","volume":"44","author":"Hujoel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R21-9-20240828","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Whole-grain and fiber intakes and periodontitis risk in men","volume":"83","author":"Merchant","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J ClinNutr"},{"key":"R22-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030614","article-title":"Analysis of the effects of dietary pattern on the oral microbiome of elite endurance athletes","volume":"11","author":"Murtaza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R23-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12685","article-title":"Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: Consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP\/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases","volume":"44","author":"Chapple","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R24-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2017.1355207","article-title":"Oral microbial profiles of individuals with different levels of sugar intake","volume":"9","author":"Keller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"R25-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2015.72","article-title":"Meta-omics uncover temporal regulation of pathways across oral microbiome genera during in vitro sugar metabolism","volume":"9","author":"Edlund","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"R26-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.056333","article-title":"Adapted dietary inflammatory index and its association with a summary score for low-grade inflammation and markers of glucose metabolism: the Cohortstudy on Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Maastricht (CODAM) and the Hoorn study","volume":"98","author":"Van Woudenbergh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R27-9-20240828","first-page":"1182","article-title":"Added sugars and periodontal disease in young adults: an analysis of NHANES III data","volume":"100","author":"Lula","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J ClinNutr"},{"key":"R28-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2014.06.001","article-title":"A high-fiber, low-fat diet improves periodontal disease markers in high-risk subjects: A pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Kondo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"R29-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511405384","article-title":"Relationship between saturated fatty acids and periodontal disease","volume":"90","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"R30-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-016-1750-2","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids as an adjunct for periodontal therapy\u2014a review","volume":"20","author":"Chee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"R31-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_16_16","article-title":"Evaluation of dietary supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on salivary interleukin-1\u03b2 levels in patients with chronic periodontitis: A clinico-immunological study","volume":"21","author":"Umrania","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"key":"R32-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01793.x","article-title":"Adjunctive daily supplementation withencapsulated fruit, vegetable and berry juice powder concentrates and clinical periodontal outcomes: A double-blind RCT","volume":"39","author":"Chapple","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R33-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1362","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9121362","article-title":"Frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the oral health-related quality of life among Japanese elderly: A cross-sectional study from the Kyoto-Kameoka Study","volume":"9","author":"Nanri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrient"},{"key":"R34-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.211524","article-title":"Higher intakes of fruits and vegetables, \u03b2-carotene, vitamin C, \u03b1-tocopherol, EPA, and DHA are positively associated with periodontal healing after nonsurgical periodontal therapy in nonsmokers but not in smokers","volume":"145","author":"Dodington","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"R35-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2015.05.007","article-title":"The impact of antioxidant agents complimentary to periodontal therapy on oxidative stress and periodontal outcomes: A systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Muniz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"R36-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12184","article-title":"Impact of a customized dietary intervention on antioxidant status, dietary intakes and periodontal indices in patients with adult periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Zare Javid","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"R37-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100173","article-title":"Assessment of total antioxidant capacity and the use of vitamin C in the treatment of non-smokers with chronic periodontitis","volume":"81","author":"Abou Sulaiman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R38-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4812613","article-title":"Grapefruit consumption improves vitamin C status in periodontitis patients","volume":"199","author":"Staudte","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"R39-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2018.06.011","article-title":"Consumption of cranberry functional beverage reduces gingival index and plaque index in patients with gingivitis","volume":"58","author":"Wo\u017aniewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"R40-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10665","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160510665","article-title":"Consumption of bilberries controls gingival inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Widen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R41-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508047776","article-title":"Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months","volume":"101","author":"Jenzsch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"R42-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S230060","article-title":"The impacts of synbiotic supplementation on periodontal indices and biomarkers of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis under non-surgical periodontal therapy. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Bazyar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Targets Ther"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_365_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:15:41Z","timestamp":1787771741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_365_20"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jispcd.jispcd_365_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0762"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-0762","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}