{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T20:43:36Z","timestamp":1786653816488,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n The term \u201cstereognosis\u201d comes from neurology and describes the capacity to distinguish objects solely by touch.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n The aim of this research study was to compare the neuromotor ability of the tongue in patients with malocclusion and tongue dysfunction with and without superficial anesthesia on the tip of the tongue and hard palate.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The study included 132 patients aged 6\u201313 years. Using a spatula for speech therapy and a visual evaluation while swallowing saliva, all individuals were identified as having swallowing dysfunctions and divided into three groups: study group (children with malocclusions and tongue dysfunctions) \u2013 44 patients, comparator group (children with malocclusions and without tongue dysfunctions) \u2013 44 patients, and control group (children without malocclusions or tongue dysfunctions) \u2013 44 patients. The Koczorowski methods were used for the stereognostic tests.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Age, sex, and malocclusion were taken into account during the differential analysis. The study and comparison groups, study and control groups, and the comparator and control groups all showed statistically significant differences from one another. According to the results, tongue dysfunction affects patients\u2019 ability to coordinate their movements with their senses at a developing stage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Patients with malocclusions that are made worse by tongue dysfunctions have poorer oral stereognostic sensibility. Speech therapy and interdisciplinary specialist orthodontic treatment are required for individuals with impaired oral perception who are still in the developmental stage and have abnormal tongue position and function.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_12_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T02:00:09Z","timestamp":1713146409000},"page":"52-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the neuromotor ability of the tongue in pediatric patients using a stereognostic examination"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Jajoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, 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