{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T20:40:11Z","timestamp":1786653611618,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Context:<\/jats:title>\n Early childhood caries (ECC) remains a major public health concern in India, with feeding-at-sleep behaviors recognized as important behavioral risk factors. The feeding at sleep time (FeAST) scale was developed to quantify such behaviors, but its applicability across diverse Indian sociocultural settings remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the external validity of the FeAST scale in identifying ECC risk among 12\u201336-month-old toddlers in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, and to examine the association between socioeconomic status and ECC.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bhubaneswar, Eastern India.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A total of 387 toddlers aged 12\u201336 months and their caregivers were recruited. Feeding behaviors were assessed using the original FeAST questionnaire, generating scores for combined breastfeeding (CBR), combined bottle-feeding (CBO), and other feeding constructs (OFC). ECC status was determined through oral examination. SES was classified using the updated B. G. Prasad Scale (2025).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n \n Receiver operating characteristic analysis with a minimal cutoff score was used to determine diagnostic accuracy. Chi-square test assessed associations between ECC and SES. Statistical significance was set at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n ECC prevalence was 32.9%. CBR (AUC = 0.446) and CBO (AUC = 0.481) demonstrated poor discriminatory ability, while OFC showed modest performance (AUC = 0.577). No significant association was found between ECC and SES (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.511).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The FeAST scale demonstrated limited diagnostic validity in this Eastern Indian cohort, indicating the need for regional recalibration incorporating contextual feeding and oral hygiene behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_1_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:00:20Z","timestamp":1777568420000},"page":"157-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feeding at sleep time and early childhood caries: Validation of the feeding at sleep time (FeAST) scale in 12\u201336-month-old children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rupsa","family":"Taraphder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brahmananda","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanika Singh","family":"Dhull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiman Itrat","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhaswati","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12783","article-title":"The global prevalence of early childhood caries: A systematic review with meta-analysis using the WHO diagnostic criteria","volume":"31","author":"Uribe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"R2-20260501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698943","article-title":"Prevalence of early childhood caries and associated risk factors in preschool children of urban Bangalore, 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assess feeding at sleep time (FeAST) among infants and toddlers","volume":"48","author":"Muthu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"R10-20260501","first-page":"99","article-title":"Feeding at sleep time (FeAST) scale: Assessing risk for developing early childhood caries in South Indian Toddlers","volume":"44","author":"Ganesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R11-20260501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.55489\/njcm.160520255339","article-title":"BG Prasad Scale 2025: an updated framework for socioeconomic assessment in India","volume":"16","author":"Anand","year":"2025","journal-title":"National Journal of Community Medicine"},{"key":"R12-20260501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-05587-1","article-title":"Early childhood caries and inequalities using the Sustainable Development Goal 10 framework: A scoping 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