{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:48:48Z","timestamp":1787071728785,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive understanding of craniofacial growth and development is crucial for all dentists. Variability is a key principle in studying growth patterns. Cephalometrics, as a morphological diagnostic tool, quantitatively expresses this variability and plays a vital role in assessing craniofacial growth and development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to determine cephalometric principles (skeletal and dental) for the Indore population of India and to establish cephalometric values for children in the late mixed dentition stage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting and Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An observational study was performed in the outpatient department over 2 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lateral cephalograms of 100 children of 11\u201313-year age group with normal occlusion and pleasant profile were taken, and cephalometric values were established using Steiner\u2019s analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis Used:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were processed utilizing SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25.0, IBM, Chicago. The intergroup comparison utilized the Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">U<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study indicated that the children of Indore had mandibular retrusion in relation to the cranial base (SNB - 76.2), accompanied by enhanced facial convexity and a horizontal growth pattern (mandibular plane angle - 21.3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The craniofacial features, which include both skeletal and dental characteristics, can be attributed to either genetic inheritance or the dietary patterns that are acquired from parents. These characteristics are unique to certain ethnic, racial, and subracial groupings, as well as to other community groups. With the growing number of children in Indore seeking professional treatment for malocclusion, it has become increasingly important to define the criteria for an esthetically pleasing and normative facial appearance within this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_230_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T12:00:25Z","timestamp":1763121625000},"page":"512-515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of average cephalometric values in late mixed dentition of children between 11 and 13 years of age \u2013 An observational study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Pushparekha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Parihar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prajakta","family":"Anadeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1161","article-title":"Cephalometric norms for mewari children using Steiner's analysis","volume":"5","author":"Singh Rathore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R2-20251117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1360","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_172_21","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation based on Steiner's analysis on adults of Bihar","volume":"13","author":"Jha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R3-20251117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1030","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation-based on Steiner's analysis on young adults of Chhattisgarh, India","volume":"12","author":"Farishta","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"R4-20251117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(53)90082-7","article-title":"Cephalometric for you and me","volume":"39","author":"Steiner","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Orthodontics"},{"key":"R5-20251117","article-title":"Roentgenographic Cephalometric Study of Children and Permanent Dentition","author":"Chandranee","year":"1982","journal-title":"MDS thesis, PGI Chandigarh"},{"key":"R6-20251117","first-page":"89","article-title":"Cephalometric profile of Aryo-Dravidians Part II","volume":"20","author":"Kharbanda","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Indian Orthod Soc"},{"key":"R7-20251117","first-page":"36","article-title":"Steiner's norms for North Indian pre-school children","volume":"8","author":"Anuradha","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"key":"R8-20251117","first-page":"95","article-title":"Selected cephalometric norms in South Kanara children","volume":"18","author":"Abraham","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"key":"R9-20251117","first-page":"3","article-title":"Dentofacial characteristics of a group of Gurkhas","volume":"7","author":"Joshi","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Indian Orthod Soc"},{"key":"R10-20251117","first-page":"359","article-title":"Cephalometric norms for Madras city population","volume":"48","author":"Kannappan","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Ind Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R11-20251117","first-page":"437","article-title":"Downs'cephalometric analysis on adults from India","volume":"46","author":"Valiathan","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Indian Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R12-20251117","first-page":"215","article-title":"Tweed analysis applied to Indian adults","volume":"48","author":"Valiathan","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Ind Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R13-20251117","first-page":"22","article-title":"Cephalometric study of the dentofacial complex of North Indians","volume":"39","author":"Nanda","year":"1969","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R14-20251117","first-page":"113","article-title":"Cephalometric Comparison of South Indians and North Indians using Ricketts Lateral Cephalometric Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Peter","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive 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