{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:59:26Z","timestamp":1790171966489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Context:<\/jats:title>\n Postoperative pain and persistent microbial contamination remain significant challenges in pediatric endodontics following pulpectomy. Intracanal cryotherapy has emerged as a promising adjunct because of its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties. However, its effectiveness requires further clinical evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n The aim of the study was to compare the effect of intracanal cryotherapy using cold saline (2\u00b0C\u20134\u00b0C) with room temperature saline (25\u00b0C\u201330\u00b0C) on postoperative pain and antimicrobial efficacy during the pulpectomy procedure in primary teeth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n A randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 30 children (3\u20137 years) requiring pulpectomy in primary teeth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I (room temperature saline) and Group II (cryotherapy with cold saline). Postoperative pain was assessed using the Wong\u2013Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h posttreatment. Antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated by comparing colony-forming units (CFUs) before and after irrigation via microbiological analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n \n Data were analyzed using SPSS v26.0. Paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n - tests\/Wilcoxon for intragroup; independent\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test\/Mann\u2013Whitney for intergroup were applied.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Both groups showed significant intragroup pain reduction over 6, 24, 48, and 72 h (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05), with cryotherapy exhibiting lower mean scores but no intergroup differences (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05). Microbial counts decreased significantly within groups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001: Group I: 4.23\u20132.21 and Group II: 3.69\u20130.68), with cryotherapy superior postintervention (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). No baseline differences were existed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Intracanal cryotherapy with cold saline is an effective, simple, and cost-efficient method for reducing postoperative pain and enhancing antimicrobial efficacy in primary teeth pulpectomy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_358_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:00:59Z","timestamp":1790096459000},"page":"560-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of intracanal cryotherapy on postoperative pain and antimicrobial efficacy in primary teeth: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Itika","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diksha","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikha","family":"Choubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 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