{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:42:47Z","timestamp":1765827767020},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":461,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research as part of intramural research funding for Vector Control Research Centre","award":["Grant Sanction Number: IM 1204."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant Sanction Number: IM 1204."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          PURPOSE: Scrub typhus an acute febrile illness has diverse clinical manifestations, which overlap with other febrile illnesses. Due to this reason, it is misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate treatment, sometimes resulting in fatality. Thus, accurate diagnosis of scrub typhus is important for appropriate treatment. This study evaluated the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay as a diagnostic test for scrub typhus among patients with fever. <\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 cases of acute febrile illness clinically resembling scrub typhus, with or without an eschar, or cases of pyrexia of unknown origin were included in the study. Blood samples collected from these cases were subjected to detection of IgM antibodies to Orientia tsutsugamushi by ELISA, conventional groEL polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the LAMP assay. <\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          RESULTS: Twelve cases had fever for less than a week, and two had fever for more than 3 weeks. IgM antibodies to O. tsutsugamushi were detected in 37 out of 50 samples (74%). LAMP assay was positive in 33 samples (66%). groEL gene-based PCR detected 35 (70%) samples as positive. Two samples negative by LAMP assay were positive by this PCR. Twenty samples collected from patients with dengue, typhoid, and malaria tested by the LAMP assay were negative, indicating its good specificity. LAMP assay and the conventional groEL-based PCR could detect 72.7% and 74.3% of the samples, respectively before the 10th day after onset of fever, whereas IgM ELISA could detect only 40.5% of the 37 samples. <\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          CONCLUSION: This study suggests that LAMP assay could be a useful diagnostic test for detecting scrub typhus in the acute phase of the illness and a cheaper alternative to other molecular methods in resource poor settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jlp.jlp_148_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T09:19:00Z","timestamp":1552468740000},"page":"082-086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of scrub typhus in patients with acute febrile illness presenting to a Tertiary Care Center in Puducherry, India"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Patricia Anitha","family":"Karthikeyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sugeerappa Laxmanappa","family":"Hoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reba","family":"Kanungo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-1","first-page":"429","volume-title":"Scrub typhus and tropical rickettsioses","author":"Watt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-2","first-page":"368","volume-title":"Diagnosis of scrub typhus","author":"Koh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Izzard L, Fuller A, Blacksell SD, Paris DH, Richards AL, Aukkanit N, et al. Isolation of a novel Orientia species (O. chuto sp. Nov.) from a patient infected in Dubai. J Clin Microbiol 2010;48:4404-9.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01526-10"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-4","first-page":"883","volume-title":"Qfever, scrub typhus, and Rickettsial diseases in Children, Kenya, 2011-2012","author":"Maina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-5","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Outbreak of scrub typhus in Pondicherry","author":"Vivekanandan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-6","first-page":"591","volume-title":"Outbreak of scrub typhus in Puducherry & Tamil Nadu during cooler months","author":"Stephen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0971-5916","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-7","first-page":"124","volume-title":"Characteristics of pediatric scrub typhus eschar in South Indian children","author":"Arun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-8","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Typhus fever in Pondicherry","author":"Prabagaravarthanan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Commun Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-9","first-page":"DC07","volume-title":"Serological diagnosis of acute scrub typhus in Southern India: Evaluation of InBios scrub typhus detect IgM rapid test and comparison with other serological tests","author":"Anitharaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-10","first-page":"e66595","volume-title":"Scrub typhus meningitis in South India \u2013 A retrospective study","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-11","first-page":"DC05","volume-title":"Serodiagnosis of scrub typhus at a tertiary care hospital from Southern India","author":"Roopa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-12","first-page":"169","volume-title":", Tanaka H.Rickettsiosis in Japan","author":"Kawamura","year":"1988","journal-title":"Jpn J Exp Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-13","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features of scrub typhus in thirty Thai children","author":"Sirisanthana","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-14","first-page":"1020","volume-title":"Scrub typhus in patients reporting with acute febrile illness at a tertiary health care institution in Goa","author":"Narvencar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0971-5916","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-15","first-page":"913","volume-title":"Scrub typhus \u2013 Scientific neglect, ever-widening impact","author":"Walker","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-16","first-page":"1395","volume-title":"Scrub typhus: Prevalence and diagnostic issues in rural Southern India","author":"Isaac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-17","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Spotted fevers & typhus fever in Tamil Nadu","author":"Batra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0971-5916","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-18","first-page":"e865","volume-title":"LAMP for human African trypanosomiasis: A comparative study of detection formats","author":"Wastling","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-19","first-page":"387","volume-title":"Detection of dengue viruses using reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification","author":"Teoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-20","first-page":"e54986","volume-title":"Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RealAmp) for the species-specific identification of Plasmodium vivax","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.254085-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iwamoto T, Sonobe T, Hayashi K. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, M. avium, and M. intracellulare in sputum samples. 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