{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:42:25Z","timestamp":1778863345975,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":189,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          BACKGROUND: Clinical significance of respiratory viruses (RVs) as an etiology of pneumonia in liver disease patients with cirrhosis is usually underestimated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of RVs in cirrhotic patients with pneumonia admitted in critical care units (CCUs) and its impact on the clinical outcome of cirrhotic patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care CCU, and consecutive cirrhotic patients with pneumonia were included. Bronchoalveolar lavage or throat swab\/nasal swab was collected in viral transport medium for analysis of RVs by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. A total of 135 cirrhotic patients were included, viral and bacterial etiology of pneumonia was identified, and analysis was done with the clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          RESULTS: Overall, RVs were detected in 30 (22.2%) cirrhotic patients and viral\u2013bacterial coinfection in 16 (11.8%) cirrhotic patients. The most common virus detected was rhinovirus in 9 (30%) patients. Mortality in cirrhotic patients with RV infection was significantly higher in comparison to cirrhotic patients with no RV infection (25 [83.3%] and 11 [12.3%], respectively, P &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          CONCLUSION: Respiratory viruses in cirrhotic patients with pneumonia are associated with poor clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jlp.jlp_6_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T05:45:55Z","timestamp":1576734355000},"page":"356-360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Spectrum of respiratory viral infectionsin liver disease patients with cirrhosis admitted in critical care unit"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Vijeta","family":"Bajpai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Virology, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekta","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Virology, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lalita Gauri","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care and Anaesthesia, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Medicine, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rakhi","family":"Maiwall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kapil Dev","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Critical Intensive Care Unit, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-1","first-page":"242","volume-title":"Pneumonia in patients with cirrhosis: Risk factors associated with mortality and predictive value of prognostic models","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-2","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia in patients with 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diseases society of America and the American thoracic society","author":"Kalil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-11","first-page":"4020","volume-title":"Predictive value of testing nasopharyngeal samples for respiratory viruses in the setting of lower respiratory tract disease","author":"Hakki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-12","first-page":"e0192893","volume-title":"Comparison of viral infection in healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-13","first-page":"705","volume-title":"Incidence of respiratory viruses in patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit: Results from the severe influenza pneumonia surveillance (SIPS) project","author":"Wiemken","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-14","first-page":"178","volume-title":"Influenza A\/H1\/N1\/09 infection in patients with cirrhosis has a poor outcome: A case series","author":"Bal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0254-8860","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-15","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Seasonality of respiratory viruses causing hospitalizations for acute respiratory infections in children in Nha Trang, Vietnam","author":"Althouse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-16","first-page":"38532","volume-title":"Viral and bacterial co-infection in severe pneumonia triggers innate immune responses and specifically enhances IP-10: A translational study","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-17","first-page":"3089","volume-title":"Viral-bacterial interactions in the respiratory tract","author":"Bellinghausen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.273558-18","first-page":"1041","volume-title":"Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics","author":"Morris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Laboratory 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