{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:49:38Z","timestamp":1787071778726,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for 32% of global deaths, with a significant share occurring prematurely in low- and middle-income countries such as India. Adults in mid-to late life face increased vulnerability due to cumulative exposure to behavioral and metabolic risk factors. Early identification of at-risk individuals can enable timely preventive interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the 10-year CVD risk and identify associated factors among adults aged 40\u201374 years attending a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2024 among 221 adults aged 40\u201374 years, excluding those with preexisting CVD or severe comorbidities. Data on sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pretested schedule. The World Health Organization\/ISH nonlaboratory-based risk prediction chart was used to estimate 10-year CVD risk. Logistic regression analyses identified predictors of moderate-to-high CVD risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median age was 53 years; 46.1% were aged 40\u201350 years. Overweight or obesity affected 47.9% of participants, 38.9% had prehypertension, and 19.5% had Stage II hypertension. Moderate (10\u2013&lt;20%) CVD risk was present in 25.7%, while 0.7% had high risk (\u226530%). Psychological distress increased the odds of moderate-to-high CVD risk (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08\u20133.71), while moderate-to-high intensity physical activity was protective (AOR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19\u20130.82).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among mid-to late-life adults, obesity, elevated blood pressure, and psychological distress were common, with over one-quarter at moderate 10-year CVD risk. Integrating mental health support and promoting physical activity into midlife health programs could reduce future CVD burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.jmh_209_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T19:01:38Z","timestamp":1765220498000},"page":"458-463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment of Adults in Mid to Late Life Attending Outpatient Clinics in West Bengal: A Cross-sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Biswadip","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trina","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susmita","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sauryadripta","family":"Ghose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saptarshi","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupesh","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R8-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e035842","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035842","article-title":"Estimation of total cardiovascular risk using the 2019 WHO CVD prediction charts and comparison of population-level costs based on alternative drug therapy guidelines:A population-based study of adults in Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"Islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R9-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_120_19","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a culturally adaptive version of the international physical activity questionnaire in Indian subcontinent:A cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Wani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R10-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.06.019","article-title":"A4-item measure of depression and anxiety:Validation and standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the general population","volume":"122","author":"L\u00f6we","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"R11-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.55489\/njcm.150120243515","article-title":"Updated modified BG Prasad classification for October 2023","volume":"15","author":"Mahantshetti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Natl J Community Med"},{"key":"R12-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_6_19","article-title":"High prevalence of prehypertension and its association with modifiable risk factors:Findings of household STEPS Survey from urban Puducherry, South India","volume":"11","author":"Kar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R13-20251212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.25259\/ijmr_1748_23","article-title":"Ten-year risk assessment for cardiovascular disease and associated factors among adult Indians (aged 40-69 yr):Insights from the National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring survey (NNMS)","volume":"159","author":"Kulothungan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Mid-life Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_209_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:54:54Z","timestamp":1787068494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_209_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_209_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-7800","0976-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-14","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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