{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:43:27Z","timestamp":1787071407756,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracavitary uterine pathologies (IUPs) may be resulting in vaginal bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Especially, malignant disease needed to be investigated due to its adverse impact on the quality of mid-life women as well as the burden of health-care costs in low- and middle-income countries such as Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thereby, through this study, we aimed to assess the major clinical features of IUPs in women with perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional observational study at Hue University Hospital and Hue Central Hospital from June 2016 to June 2019. The study enrolled 150 women above 40 years old involving with intrauterine bleeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of the study population was 51.51 \u00b1 7.65. The most common symptom in perimenopausal women was menorrhagia, up to 62.2% of cases. In addition to intrauterine bleeding, there were 54.7% of cases had at least one other functional symptom, they were pale skin (35.9%), and lower abdominal pain (31.3). Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) was the most common pathology in both groups with perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding (PMB), respectively, 66.7% and 51.7%. In PMB group, endometrial cancer (EC) occupied approximately 38.3% following EH. Our study revealed age, menstrual characteristics, and diabetes in relation to malignant disease. Other factors seemed to be less associated with EC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Menorrhagia was the most common type of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. Besides vaginal bleeding, others symptoms such as pale skin, pelvic pain, and fatigue were also common. Length day and blood loss before hospitalization in perimenopausal women were greater significantly than that in postmenopausal women. Age, menstrual characteristics, and diabetes increased the risk of EC in women with PMB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.jmh_81_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T05:51:09Z","timestamp":1674798669000},"page":"225-232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Evaluating Clinical Features in Intracavitary Uterine Pathologies among Vietnamese Women Presenting with Peri-and Postmenopausal Bleeding: A Bicentric Observational Descriptive Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Phuc Nhon","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of High-Risk Pregnancy and Tu Du Clinical Research Unit (TD-CRU), Tu Du Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Tuan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hue Medical College, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000389","article-title":"Management of the perimenopause","volume":"61","author":"Delamater","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R2-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40695-022-00073-y","article-title":"Disparities in reproductive aging and midlife health between black and white women: The Study of Women\u2019s Health Across the Nation (SWAN)","volume":"8","author":"Harlow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Womens Midlife Health"},{"key":"R3-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01633-0","article-title":"Women\u2019s experiences in the transition to menopause: A qualitative research","volume":"22","author":"Refaei","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"R4-20250922","first-page":"161","article-title":"Menopause-related quality of life among urban women of Hyderabad, India","volume":"12","author":"Yerra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Midlife Health"},{"key":"R5-20250922","first-page":"187","article-title":"Weight, shape, and body composition changes at menopause","volume":"12","author":"Fenton","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Midlife Health"},{"key":"R6-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00629-4","article-title":"Uterine bleeding: How understanding endometrial physiology underpins menstrual health","volume":"18","author":"Jain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"R7-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11457.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011457","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding according to new International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classification in Chinese women of reproductive age: A cross-sectional study","volume":"97","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"R8-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318262e320","article-title":"Practice bulletin no. 128: diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-aged women","volume":"120","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R10-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.11.011","article-title":"FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age","volume":"113","author":"Munro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R11-20250922","first-page":"91","volume":"22","author":"Sabre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding types according to the PALM-COEIN FIGO classification in a medically underserved American community J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc"},{"key":"R12-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02554-y","article-title":"Endometrial cancer: Mapping the global landscape of research","volume":"18","author":"Br\u00fcggmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R13-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13866","article-title":"Cancer of the corpus uteri: 2021 update","volume":"155","author":"Koskas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R14-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.22053","article-title":"Endometrial thickness and uterine artery Doppler parameters as soft markers for prediction of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal bleeding women: a cross-sectional study at tertiary referral hospitals from Vietnam","volume":"65","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"R15-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605847.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.605847","article-title":"Combination IETA ultrasonographic characteristics simple scoring method with tumor biomarkers effectively improves the differentiation ability of benign and malignant lesions in endometrium and uterine cavity","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"R16-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12051176","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women: The role of hysteroscopy and its impact on quality of life and sexuality","volume":"12","author":"Vitale","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"R17-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1080\/014436104100009394","article-title":"Clinical pathway for the evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding with an emphasis on endometrial cancer detection","volume":"24","author":"Moodley","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R18-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4103\/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_99_19","article-title":"Sonography evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women with pathological correlation","volume":"14","author":"Daga","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci Univ"},{"key":"R20-20250922","article-title":"Management of pre-, peri-, and post-menopausal abnormal uterine bleeding: When to perform endometrial sampling? Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021","author":"Papakonstantinou"},{"key":"R21-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.06.006","article-title":"Body mass index trumps age in decision for endometrial biopsy: Cohort study of symptomatic premenopausal women","volume":"215","author":"Wise","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R22-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/tog.12722","article-title":"Detecting endometrial cancer","volume":"23","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist"},{"key":"R23-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1159\/000522524","article-title":"The risk of endometrial malignancy and other endometrial pathology in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: An ultrasound-based model development study by the IETA group","volume":"87","author":"Wynants","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"R24-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.21150","article-title":"Rate of premalignant and malignant endometrial lesion in \u201clow-risk\u201d premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding undergoing endometrial biopsy","volume":"64","author":"Jha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"R25-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8598152.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8598152","article-title":"Prediction of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer among premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"2019","author":"Giannella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R26-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0000000000000092","article-title":"Body mass index: Obesity, BMI, and health: A critical review","volume":"50","author":"Nuttall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr Today"},{"key":"R27-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-S002","article-title":"2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2019","volume":"42","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R28-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-8932(03)76970-X","article-title":"The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The weapons are ready","volume":"56","author":"Verdecchia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"R29-20250922","first-page":"82","article-title":"Role of transvaginal sonography, power Doppler and hysteroscopy in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A comparative study","volume":"13","author":"Mayuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dent Med Sci"},{"key":"R30-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.143","article-title":"Endometrial blood flow mapping using transvaginal power Doppler sonography in women with postmenopausal bleeding and thickened endometrium","volume":"21","author":"Alc\u00e1zar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R31-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2015.08.005","article-title":"Value of ultrasonography to predict the endometrial cancer in postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"43","author":"Bouzid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique & Fertilit\u00e9"},{"key":"R32-20250922","first-page":"134","article-title":"A Study of Endometrial Pathology by Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasonography and Its Correlation with Histopathology in Post-Menopausal Women","author":"Bano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian Medical Gazette"},{"key":"R33-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1287662","article-title":"The FIGO recommendations on terminologies and definitions for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"29","author":"Fraser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"R34-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2018.03.005","article-title":"Doppler evaluation of endometrial polyps","volume":"49","author":"Amreena","year":"2018","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"key":"R35-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.15218\/zjms.2016.0010","article-title":"A prospective comparison of transvaginal, transabdominal ultrasound and diagnostic curretage in the evaluation of endometrial pathology in Erbil","volume":"20","author":"Sedeq","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zanco J Med Sci"},{"key":"R36-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2016\/772","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopause","volume":"5","author":"Neelgund","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Evol Med Dent Sci"},{"key":"R37-20250922","first-page":"1915","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"69","author":"Albers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"R38-20250922","first-page":"67","article-title":"A randomized comparative study to compare Karman\u2019s Cannula and Pipelle biopsy for evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Midlife Health"},{"key":"R39-20250922","first-page":"368","article-title":"Postmenopausal bleeding \u2013 A strong indicator of endometrial carcinoma","volume":"69","author":"Jadoon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pak Armed Forces Med J"},{"key":"R40-20250922","first-page":"60","article-title":"Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in 100 cases presenting with polymenorrhagia\/menorrhagia in perimenupausal women","volume":"21","author":"Takreem","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"R41-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2011.07.003","article-title":"Transvaginal power Doppler sonography can discriminate between benign and malignant endometrial conditions in women with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"17","author":"Aboul Fotouh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil Soc J"},{"key":"R42-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.04.004","article-title":"Transvaginal Doppler sonography: Is there a role for this modality in the evaluation of women with postmenopausal bleeding?","volume":"50","author":"Wilailak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"R43-20250922","first-page":"166","article-title":"Postmenopausal bleeding \u2013 An alarming symptom of endometrial carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Fatima","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Sci"},{"key":"R44-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605620","article-title":"Predicting the risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding: The Norwich DEFAB risk assessment tool","volume":"102","author":"Burbos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R45-20250922","first-page":"13","article-title":"Rate of significant endometrial pathology in women at low risk for endometrial hyperplasia or cancer presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"11","author":"Sattanakho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pragmat Obs Res"},{"key":"R46-20250922","article-title":"The incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer and its association with body mass index and human development index in Asian population World Cancer Res J 2018;5:e1174","author":"Khazaei"},{"key":"R47-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42542-9_7","article-title":"Obesity and endometrial cancer","volume":"208","author":"Shaw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Recent Results Cancer Res"},{"key":"R48-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab251","article-title":"Menstrual cycle characteristics and incident cancer: a prospective cohort study","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},{"key":"R49-20250922","first-page":"2017","article-title":"The relationship between transvaginal ultrasound endometrial thickness and body mass index and endometrial pathology in women with postmenopausal bleeding","volume":"85","author":"Ashour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med J Cairo Univ"},{"key":"R50-20250922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2017.01.009","article-title":"An ultrasound risk-scoring model for prediction of endometrial cancer in post-menopausal women (using IETA terminology)","volume":"22","author":"Madkour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil Soc J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Mid-life Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_81_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:45:41Z","timestamp":1787067941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_81_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jmh.jmh_81_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-7800","0976-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}