{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:36:19Z","timestamp":1787841379850,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To commission and validate commercial deformable image registration (DIR) systems (SmartAdapt\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Velocity\u2122) using task group 132 (TG-132) digital phantom datasets. Additionally, the study compares and verifies the DIR algorithms of the two systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TG-132 digital phantoms were obtained from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine website and imported into SmartAdapt\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Velocity\u2122 systems for commissioning and validation. The registration results were compared with known shifts using rigid registrations and deformable registrations. Virtual head and neck phantoms obtained online (DIR Evaluation Project) and some selected clinical data sets from the department were imported into the two DIR systems. For both of these datasets, DIR was carried out between the source and target images, and the contours were then propagated from the source to the target image data set. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean distance to agreement (MDA), and Jacobian determinant measures were utilised to evaluate the registration results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The recommended criteria for commissioning and validation of DIR system from TG-132 was error &lt;0.5*voxel dimension (vd). Translation only registration: Both systems met TG-132 recommendations except computed tomography (CT)-positron emission tomography registration in both systems (Velocity ~1.1*vd, SmartAdapt ~1.6*vd). Translational and rotational registration: Both systems failed the criteria for all modalities (For velocity, error ranged from 0.6*vd [CT-CT registration] to 3.4*vd [CT-cone-beam CT (CBCT) registration]. For SmartAdapt\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      the range was 0.6*vd [CT-CBCT] to 3.6*vd [CT-CT]). Mean \u00b1 standard deviation for DSC, MDA and Jacobian metrics were used to compare the DIR results between SmartAdapt\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Velocity\u2122.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The DIR algorithms of SmartAdapt\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Velocity\u2122 were commissioned and their deformation results were compared. Both systems can be used for clinical purpose. While there were only minimal differences between the two systems, Velocity\u2122 provided lower values for parotids, bladder, rectum, and prostate (soft tissue) compared to SmartAdapt. However, for mandible, spinal cord, and femoral heads (rigid structures), both systems showed nearly identical results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jmp.jmp_167_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T09:25:09Z","timestamp":1719912309000},"page":"240-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performance Evaluation of Deformable Image Registration Systems \u2013 SmartAdapt\u00ae and Velocity\u2122"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"M. Anil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghavendra","family":"Hajare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhakti Dev","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. K. Sree","family":"Lakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umesh M.","family":"Mahantshetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/42\/1\/008","article-title":"Adaptive radiation therapy","volume":"42","author":"Yan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"R2-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2019.1620331","article-title":"Deformable image registration for radiation therapy:Principle, methods, applications and evaluation","volume":"58","author":"Rigaud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"R3-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12256","article-title":"Use of image registration and fusion algorithms and techniques in radiotherapy:Report of the AAPM radiation therapy committee task group no","volume":"44","author":"Brock","year":"2017","journal-title":"132. Med Phys"},{"key":"R5-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1177\/1533034614553891","article-title":"Quantitative analysis tools and digital phantoms for deformable image registration quality assurance","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"R6-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2021.02.007","article-title":"Rigid and deformable image registration for radiation therapy:A self-study evaluation guide for NRG oncology clinical trial participation","volume":"11","author":"Rong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"R7-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12348","article-title":"Practical quantification of image registration accuracy following the AAPM TG-132 report framework","volume":"19","author":"Latifi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"R8-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2018.01.013","article-title":"Commissioning and validation of commercial deformable image registration software for adaptive contouring","volume":"47","author":"Jamema","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"key":"R9-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111703","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4823467","article-title":"A virtual phantom library for the quantification of deformable image registration uncertainties in patients with cancers of the head and neck","volume":"40","author":"Pukala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"R10-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001","article-title":"3D slicer as an image computing platform for the quantitative imaging network","volume":"30","author":"Fedorov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"R12-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12737","article-title":"Performance of commercially available deformable image registration platforms for contour propagation using patient-based computational phantoms:A multi-institutional study","volume":"45","author":"Loi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"R13-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v17i3.5735","article-title":"Benchmarking of five commercial deformable image registration algorithms for head and neck patients","volume":"17","author":"Pukala","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"R14-20240906","first-page":"11","article-title":"Deformation vector fields (DVF)-driven image reconstruction for 4D-CBCT","volume":"23","author":"Dang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Xray Sci Technol"},{"key":"R15-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1515\/cdbme-2023-1089","article-title":"Optimization techniques for semi-automated 3D rigid registration in multimodal image-guided deep brain stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Al-Jaberi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Dir Biomed Eng"},{"key":"R16-20240906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.1997.0040199","article-title":"Understanding and using DICOM, the data interchange standard for biomedical imaging","volume":"4","author":"Bidgood","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmp.jmp_167_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:52:24Z","timestamp":1787838744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jmp.jmp_167_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jmp.jmp_167_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-6203","1998-3913"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-6203","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3913","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-20","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}