{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:34:24Z","timestamp":1787758464129,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic liver disease is characterized by progressive hepatic fibrosis and changes in hepatic vascular hemodynamics. Sonography is a readily available tool in the assessment of the hepatic hemodynamic alterations that occur in chronic liver diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was aimed at sonographically determining the portal vein indices in apparently healthy adults by estimating the portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out among 62 apparently healthy individuals. The participants underwent gray scale and Doppler ultrasonographic examinations of the portal vein. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM Corp. version 23.0 (Armonk, NY: USA). The comparison of means of two groups was with the unpaired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test, and level of significance was set at 5% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-six (74.2%) of the 62 participants recruited were male and 16 (25.8%) were female. Participants were aged 18\u201365 years with a mean age of 39.90 \u00b1 10.34 years. The means of portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity are 1.15 \u00b1 0.12 cm, 0.88 \u00b1 0.18 cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and 18.37 \u00b1 2.04 cm\/s, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference of all portal vein ultrasound parameters between males and females, except portal vein flow velocity which was higher in males,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test = 2.273 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.027 (&gt;0.05). There was no significant correlation between age and ultrasound parameters\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The normal values of portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity were established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jmu.jmu_142_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T05:49:17Z","timestamp":1663825757000},"page":"184-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Triplex Sonographic Evaluation of Portal Vein Indices Among Adults in Port Harcourt, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Gbenga Jacob","family":"Aderibigbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chukwuemeka","family":"Agi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebbi D","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.172.3.10063849","article-title":"Correlation of duplex sonography findings and portal pressure in 375 patients with portal hypertension","volume":"172","author":"Haag","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R2-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.174847","article-title":"Chronic liver disease in Lagos: A clinicopathological study","volume":"11","author":"Lesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R5-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.311105093","article-title":"Doppler US of the liver made simple","volume":"31","author":"McNaughton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"R6-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/8756479306293101","article-title":"Sonographic evaluation of the portal and hepatic systems","volume":"22","author":"Owen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Diagn Med Sonogr"},{"key":"R8-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110127","article-title":"Normal and altered three-dimensional portal venous hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"262","author":"Stankovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R9-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23906","article-title":"In vivo validation of 4D flow MRI for assessing the hemodynamics of portal hypertension","volume":"37","author":"Rold\u00e1n-Alzate","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"R10-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)32215-2","article-title":"Percutaneous transhepatic catheterization of the portal vein for the study of portal hemodynamics and shunts. 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