{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:38:53Z","timestamp":1787071133548,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n Post-spinal anesthesia hypotension (PSAH) is associated with significant adverse outcomes, prompting extensive research into predictive markers. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the predictive value of the internal jugular vein collapsibility index (IJV-CI) and common carotid artery peak systolic velocity variation (CCA-PSV) in forecasting PSAH.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A prospective observational study was conducted on 53 ASA I, II, and III adult patients undergoing elective surgery under spinal anesthesia (SAB). IJV-CI and CCA-PSV were examined using ultrasonography in all patients. SAB was administered using a standard protocol. PSAH was defined as a reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) \u226520%. Our primary objective was to evaluate the predictive value of IJV-CI and CCA-PSV for PSAH. The secondary objective was to compare their diagnostic efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n PSAH was found in 39.6% (21 out of 53) patients. The area under the ROC curve for IJV-CI was 0.769 (95% CI: 0.903\u20130.636,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). IJV-CI > 21.58% predicted PSAH with 71.43% sensitivity, 84.38% specificity, and 79.25% accuracy. The area under the ROC curve for CCA-PSV was 0.760 (95% CI: 0.888\u20130.631,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002). CCA-PSV >12.16% predicted PSAH with 85.71% sensitivity, 56.25% specificity, and 67.92% accuracy. With the maximum % fall in SBP, IJV-CI had a significantly low-positive correlation (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.298,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.030), and CCA-PSV had a significant moderate positive correlation (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.483,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0002).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Both IJV-CI and CCA-PSV are reliable predictors of PSAH. In terms of accuracy, IJV-CI is a better predictor of hypotension post-spinal anesthesia as compared to CCA-PSV.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.joacp_345_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T11:00:12Z","timestamp":1769770812000},"page":"250-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Internal jugular vein collapsibility index versus common carotid artery peak systolic velocity variation for prediction of post-spinal hypotension: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Parth","family":"Arora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suneet","family":"Kathuria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikha","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumeet","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(Suppl 3)","key":"R1-20260325","first-page":"S58","article-title":"The incidence and risk factors of hypotension and bradycardia associated with spinal anesthesia","volume":"89","author":"Kyokong","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thail Chotmaihet Thangphaet"},{"key":"R2-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2147\/LRA.S193925","article-title":"Spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension is caused by a decrease in stroke volume in elderly patients","volume":"12","author":"Hofhuizen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Local Reg Anesth"},{"key":"R3-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.137","article-title":"Association between intraoperative hypotension and 30-day mortality, major adverse cardiac events, and acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery:A meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"258","author":"Gu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"R4-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2147\/LRA.S240753","article-title":"Control of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in adults","volume":"13","author":"Ferr\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Local Reg Anesth"},{"key":"R5-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-019-02675-9","article-title":"Pre-anesthetic ultrasonographic assessment of the internal jugular vein for prediction of hypotension during the induction of general anesthesia","volume":"33","author":"Okamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"R6-20260325","first-page":"7857","article-title":"Ultrasonographic measurement of the internal jugular vein as a predictor of hypotension following the induction of anesthesia","volume":"13","author":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"R7-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2020.12.1256","article-title":"Internal jugular vein ultrasonography in prediction of postspinal hypotension","volume":"30","author":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"R8-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1080\/11101849.2022.2082051","article-title":"Pre-anaesthetic ultrasonographic assessment of neck vessels as predictors of spinal anaesthesia induced hypotension in the elderly:A prospective observational study","volume":"38","author":"Abdelhamid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egypt J Anaesth"},{"key":"R9-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e121648","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.121648","article-title":"Pre-operative ultrasonographic evaluation of the internal jugular vein collapsibility index and inferior vena cava collapsibility index to predict post-spinal hypotension in pregnant women undergoing caesarean section","volume":"12","author":"Elbadry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"R10-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.ija_828_21","article-title":"Assessment of role of inferior vena cava collapsibility index and variations in carotid artery PSV in prediction of post-spinal anaesthesia hypotension in spontaneously breathing patients:An observational study","volume":"66","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R11-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15151","article-title":"Carotid artery corrected flow time and respiratory variations of peak blood flow velocity for prediction of hypotension after induction of general anesthesia in adult patients undergoing elective surgery:A prospective observational study","volume":"39","author":"Maitra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"R13-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181e8137b","article-title":"Positional blood pressure change and the risk of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery:An observational study","volume":"111","author":"Jeon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R14-20260325","first-page":"294","article-title":"The value of internal jugular vein collapsibility index in sepsis","volume":"23","author":"Halilo\u011flu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"key":"R15-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4416","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2022.258453","article-title":"Central Venous Pressure versus Internal Jugular Vein or Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Indices to Predict Fluid Status in Critically Ill Patients","volume":"89","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egypt J Hosp Med"},{"key":"R16-20260325","first-page":"e39389","article-title":"Role of internal jugular vein collapsibility index in predicting post-spinal hypotension in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section:A prospective observational study","volume":"15","author":"N","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R17-20260325","first-page":"119","article-title":"The relationship between the collapsibility index of the internal jugular vein and spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in Cesarean section","volume":"55","author":"Derya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kuwait Med J"},{"key":"R18-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu057","article-title":"Respirophasic carotid artery peak velocity variation as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"113","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R19-20260325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15301","article-title":"Carotid ultrasound to predict fluid responsiveness:A systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Beier","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"R20-20260325","first-page":"e42083","article-title":"Fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients using carotid peak systolic velocity variability:A new frontier","volume":"15","author":"Roy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/joacp.joacp_345_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:41:58Z","timestamp":1787067718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/joacp.joacp_345_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/joacp.joacp_345_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-9185","2231-2730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-9185","type":"print"},{"value":"2231-2730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-13","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-14","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}