{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:27:37Z","timestamp":1786649257996,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"\n Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n Effective mask ventilation is vital in pediatric patients due to anatomical and physiological differences between the adult and pediatric airways. The classical C-E method has drawbacks, such as soft tissue compression below the mandible and leaks on the unsupported side. This study evaluates a novel single-handed technique, the C-M method, which aims to improve airway seal and reduce complications. Hence, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of the novel C-M method with the C-E method in generating exhaled tidal volumes (mL\/kg) during mask ventilation in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This prospective crossover study involved pediatric patients aged 1\u20135 years scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Each method was tested with the ventilator in pressure control mode at 15 cm H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O, a respiratory rate of 20 breaths\/min, and an I: E ratio of 1:2 for five breaths each. Data collected included tidal volumes, audible mask leak, need for oropharyngeal airways, failed ventilation instances, ease of performance, and gastric insufflation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean tidal volumes generated were 9.89 mL\/kg for the C-E technique and 10.43 mL\/kg for the C-M technique. A two-tailed\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test showed a\n P<\/jats:italic>\n value > 0.05, indicating no statistically significant difference. No instances of failed ventilation were reported. Analysis of the other variables showed no significant differences.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The C-M method is an equally effective alternative for mask ventilation in pediatric patients. It provides comparable tidal volumes and safety to the C-E method, which may enhance airway management in this age group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.joacp_546_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T12:00:29Z","timestamp":1752062429000},"page":"652-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["C-M method: A novel technique of mask ventilation for pediatric apneic patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Anil M. R.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarika M.","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anup N.","family":"Ramachandragowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadhana","family":"Byalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Shivashankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghana","family":"Marulasiddappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04183","article-title":"Optimizing mask ventilation: Literature review and development of a conceptual framework","volume":"60","author":"Saddawi-Konefka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"R2-20251001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12144","article-title":"Incidence of difficult bag-mask ventilation in children: A prospective observational study","volume":"23","author":"Valois-G\u00f5mez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"R3-20251001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12822","article-title":"The effectiveness of nasal mask vs face mask ventilation in anesthetized, apneic pediatric subjects over 2 years of age: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Itagaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"R4-20251001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_228_18","article-title":", Rao AK, Joseph TT. 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