{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:32:50Z","timestamp":1787841170656,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish normative values for macular sublayer thickness in healthy Iranian children using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to assess the effects of age and gender.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was part of the population-based Shiraz pediatric eye study. Of 2400 children aged 6\u201312 years invited, 480 were randomly selected for optical biometry and macular spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) imaging. Finally, 431 OCT scans from children with medium axial length (AL; 21.5\u201326.5 mm) were analyzed. The OCT device automatically segmented seven retinal sublayers, and their thickness was measured across Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) subfields. Thickness in the central 1-mm subfield was assessed by gender and age groups (6\u20139 vs. 10\u201312 years), adjusted for AL. Regression analysis examined the impact of age, sex, and AL on retinal sublayer thickness. Only data from the right eye were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of participants was 9.12 \u00b1 1.59 years (range, 6\u201312), with 254 (58.9%) being girls. The mean AL was 22.91 \u00b1 0.71 mm, and the mean foveal thickness was 258 \u00b1 8 \u00b5m. A normative database was created for the total retinal thickness and the seven retinal sublayers across the nine ETDRS subfields. Boys had longer globes (by approximately 0.4 mm;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and thicker foveae (by about 5 \u00b5m;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) compared to girls. Among the seven sublayers studied, boys had a thicker ganglion cell complex layer (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.014) and outer nuclear layer (ONL;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.012), while girls had a thicker retinal pigment epithelium (RPE;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029). The inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer showed no significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.075 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.810, respectively). The mean AL was 22.78 \u00b1 0.68 mm in the 6\u20139 age group and 23.10 \u00b1 0.72 mm in the 10\u201312 age group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The older age group (10\u201312 years) exhibited thicker ONL (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009) and RPE (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002) layers compared to the younger group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides normative data for macular sublayer thickness in Iranian children aged 6\u201312 years using Heidelberg SD-OCT. Boys had longer ALs and thicker maculae, while girls had a thicker RPE layer. Older children had longer globes and thicker retinas, mainly due to increased ONL and RPE thickness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_195_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T22:02:28Z","timestamp":1758232948000},"page":"393-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Macular Sublayer Thickness in Healthy Iranian Children: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study from the Population-Based Shiraz Pediatric Eye Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Athar","family":"Zareei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Razeghinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Glaucoma Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Talebnejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Khalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh Sadat","family":"Masoumpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Shayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamideh","family":"Mahdaviazad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Keshtkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Tajbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Shahmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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