{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:22:18Z","timestamp":1787840538061,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal ectatic disorder with limited treatment options addressing its underlying pathophysiology. Current therapies, including corneal cross-linking and transplantation, focus on halting progression rather than reversing damage. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutic agents with regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. This short communication synthesizes current evidence on MSC-Exo for KC treatment. Preclinical studies demonstrate that MSC-Exo enhances keratocyte proliferation, reduces fibrosis and inflammation, modulates extracellular matrix proteins, and promotes epithelial wound healing. Exosomes from various MSC sources show therapeutic efficacy across\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and animal models. While clinical evidence remains limited, early studies support safety and feasibility for ocular applications. MSC-Exo represents a promising therapeutic approach capable of modulating key KC pathological mechanisms, warranting further clinical investigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_202_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T09:00:56Z","timestamp":1773824456000},"page":"375-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Keratoconus: A Novel Therapeutic Approach"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Hadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hesam","family":"Hashemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Khorrami-Nejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Foroozan","family":"Narooie-Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 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