{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:13:24Z","timestamp":1786122804089,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the discriminative abilities of macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses in multiple sclerosis (MS) from normal and to identify optic neuritis (ON) in MS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional case\u2013control study included 133 participants aged 30\u201345 years: 66 definite MS patients (18 with ON) and 67 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. MS diagnosis was established \u22655 years before enrollment. Exclusion criteria were other neurological\/retinal diseases, high refractive error (&gt; \u00b16.00 diopter), media opacities, glaucoma, or intraocular surgery. All underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus High-Definition Optical Coherence Tomography) under pharmacologic mydriasis to measure RNFL and macular thicknesses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MS patients without ON showed significantly reduced macular thickness in inner superior, outer inferior, outer superior, outer nasal, and outer temporal sectors versus controls. MS patients with ON had significantly thinner inner superior and outer superior macular sectors than those without ON. For distinguishing MS from controls, an average RNFL \u226494 \u03bcm yielded a sensitivity of 87.9%, a specificity of 70.2%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.836 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). For differentiating MS with versus without ON, the average RNFL \u226483 \u03bcm achieved the highest RNFL performance: AUC of 0.836, sensitivity of 72.2%, and specificity of 81.3%. Among macular subregions, outer nasal (AUC = 0.680) and outer superior (AUC = 0.670) sectors best distinguished MS from controls. For ON detection, the outer superior sector performed best (AUC = 0.736, sensitivity: 61.1%, and specificity: 79.2%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RNFL thinning is a robust structural biomarker for MS and prior ON, whereas average macular thickness has limited standalone diagnostic utility for ON, though specific outer macular sectors show moderate discriminative value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_294_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:41:26Z","timestamp":1786027286000},"page":"31-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discriminative Abilities of Macular and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Multiple Sclerosis and Optic Neuritis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morad Amir","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, Department of Physiotherapy, Erbil Technical and Medical Health Collage, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbasali","family":"Yekta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyhaneh","family":"Shariati-Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malihe-Sadat","family":"Razavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Khabazkhoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 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