{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:19:43Z","timestamp":1787840383013,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n To describe the demographic characteristics, etiology, microbiological spectrum, and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in patients with endophthalmitis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This is a retrospective case series spanning from May 2012 to September 2018. All included patients were diagnosed with endophthalmitis and confirmed by laboratory tests. Data were collected on patient demographics, types of endophthalmitis, and microbiologic and medical records.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Nine hundred ninety-two records of patients with endophthalmitis were assessed. Of the total cases, 657 patients (66.2%) were male, whereas 335 (33.8%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 57.2 \u00b1 22.8 years and ranged from 2 to 95 years. The type of endophthalmitis was acute postcataract surgery (44.4%), posttraumatic (26.7%), chronic postcataract surgery (6.6%), endogenous (6.4%), postintravitreal injection (5.0%), keratitis-associated (3.6%), postvitrectomy (2.7%), bleb-associated (2.4%), postkeratoplasty (1.9%), and device-related (0.1%). The most frequently isolated organisms were\n Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n (11.7%), followed by\n Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n (5.2%) and\n Streptococcus viridans<\/jats:italic>\n (5.1%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing in patients with acute postcataract surgery endophthalmitis showed variable sensitivity of\n S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n isolates to vancomycin (81.4%), ciprofloxacin (76.2%), and levofloxacin (75.0%). In patients with posttraumatic endophthalmitis, high rates of zone 1 injury (61.5%), traumatic cataract (67.9%), and intraocular foreign body (IOFB) (29.8%) were observed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n \n S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n is the most common causative pathogen in patients with endophthalmitis, its increasing resistance to vancomycin and fluoroquinolones may pose some challenges to the treatment of endophthalmitis in the future. Regarding the presence of IOFB, zone 1 injury, and traumatic cataracts that might be associated with an increased risk of posttraumatic endophthalmitis, it is better to consider these aspects in penetrating eye injuries.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_67_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T16:03:37Z","timestamp":1749139417000},"page":"284-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Infectious Endophthalmitis: An Overview of Clinical Features, Microbiology Profile, and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Seyed Ali","family":"Tabatabaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Masoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Mirzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Mirshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bita","family":"Momenaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital, Mid Atlantic Retina, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faezeh Moghimpour","family":"Bijani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rashidinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Nazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ahadifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Mahdizad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Habeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mahbod","family":"Baharnoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Soleimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of 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