{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:21:32Z","timestamp":1787772092777,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gender determination is an important part of forensic dentistry and legal investigations. Mandible is the largest, sexually dimorphic, and strongest bone of the facial skeleton. Morphometric measurements of the mandible by using orthopantomogram are widely used in gender determination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of minimum ramus breath and coronoid height of the mandible for gender determination using orthopantomogram.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty orthopantomograms of 30 males and 30 females between the age group of 30 to 40 years were collected. The minimum ramus breath and the coronoid height were measured using a computerized software. The data obtained was statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean minimal ramus breath and mean coronoid height were greater in males than in females. The mean minimal ramus breath for males was found to be 37.83 \u00b1 2.24 and for females, it was 33.08 \u00b1 4.87 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.00). The mean coronoid height of males was 80.67 \u00b1 0.83 and that of females was 73.51 \u00b1 1.26 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.00).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that the mandible is a sexually dimorphic bone, and the minimum ramus breath and coronoid height can be used in gender determination. However, population specific studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_297_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T10:00:59Z","timestamp":1758880859000},"page":"468-471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Minimum ramus breadth and coronoid height in gender determination \u2013 An orthopantomographic study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Reshma Poothakulath","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Pandiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Mabbithasri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Princeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abirami","family":"Arthanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Odontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250926","first-page":"699","article-title":"Assessment of mandibular condylar morphology using digital orthopantomogram in Chennai population","volume":"14","author":"Sridhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol"},{"key":"R2-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-083X.2021.00057.1","article-title":"Awareness about cheiloscopy as a forensic aid for personal identification","volume":"21","author":"Antony","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxicol"},{"key":"R3-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-083X.2021.00058.3","article-title":"Awareness about Rugoscopy as a forensic aid for personal identification","volume":"21","author":"Antony","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2)","key":"R4-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S398","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.163469","article-title":"Sex determination in forensic odontology:A review","volume":"7","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R5-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4103\/jfo.jfds_55_17","article-title":"Sex determination in forensic identification, a review","volume":"10","author":"Nagare","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"},{"key":"R6-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-1475.109885","article-title":"Mandibular ramus:An indicator for sex determination-A digital radiographic study","volume":"4","author":"Indira","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Forensic Dent Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaomr.jiaomr_169_19","article-title":"Gender determination using mandibular ramus and gonial angle on OPG","volume":"32","author":"Mehta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"key":"R8-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.03.014","article-title":"Discriminant function sexing of the mandible of indigenous South Africans","volume":"179","author":"Franklin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"R9-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S421","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.JPBS_574_20","article-title":"Mandibular ramus as a strong expressor of sex determinations:A digital radiographic study","volume":"13","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R10-20250926","first-page":"15","article-title":"Correlation of spheno-occipital synchondrosis and mandibular condylar cortication with chronological age using computed tomography in Indian population- A cross-sectional study","volume":"42","author":"Murali","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Forensic Odontostomatol"},{"key":"R11-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-083X.2021.00008.X","article-title":"Evaluation of morphological changes in natural tooth exposed to organophosphorous compounds","volume":"21","author":"Mithra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxico"},{"key":"R12-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.1999.19540491.x","article-title":"Morphological variation in great ape and modern human mandibles","volume":"195","author":"Humphrey","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"R13-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2020.07.019","article-title":"Assessment of mandibular ramus for sex determination:Retrospective study","volume":"10","author":"Okkesim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"key":"R14-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(98)00120-0","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in the crania and mandibles of South African whites","volume":"98","author":"Steyn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"R15-20250926","first-page":"S13","article-title":"Mandibular ramus:An indicator for sex in fragmentary mandible","volume":"56","author":"Saini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"R16-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3126\/kumj.v19i3.49708","article-title":"Assessment of sexual dimorphism in mandibular ramus:An orthopanoramic study","volume":"19","author":"Koju","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_297_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:28:01Z","timestamp":1787768881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_297_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_297_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-029X","1998-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-029X","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-25","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}