{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:39:06Z","timestamp":1792201146123,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with a high rate of malignant transformation. Pirfenidone is an anti-fibrotic drug currently used in the treatment of idiopathic lung fibrosis (ILF). As both ILF and OSMF are mediated through transforming growth factor-beta, Pirfenidone could be beneficial in treating early stages of OSMF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of oral Pirfenidone in increasing the mouth opening, reducing fibrosis and burning sensation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-arm prospective clinical trial conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, at a recognised dental college.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eleven subjects of either sex, of 21\u201355 years diagnosed with OSMF Stage 2 according to Chandramani More\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">et al<\/jats:italic>\n                      . classification, were recruited for the study and prescribed Pirfenidone 200 mg, 1 tablet TID with meals for 1 week, and later 2 tablets TID with meals for 5 weeks. The patients were monitored for adverse effects, and treatment response was assessed as unit of improvement. Data were analysed using SPSS; parametric tests such as ANOVA followed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                      test and non-parametric tests such as Friedman\u2019s followed by Wilcoxon signed rank test were applied with significance at\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>60% of the patients showed +1 unit of improvement with no serious adverse effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patient-related clinical outcomes were quite significant showing the effectiveness of Pirfenidone as a promising adjuvant therapy in the management of OSMF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_319_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T10:00:54Z","timestamp":1758880854000},"page":"424-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the effectiveness of oral Pirfenidone in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis: A non-randomised pilot clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Vedashree","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. G. D. Pol Foundation Y.M.T. Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhakti","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. G. D. Pol Foundation Y.M.T. Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepa","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. G. D. Pol Foundation Y.M.T. Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250926","first-page":"126","article-title":"Epidemiology of oral submucous fibrosis:A review","volume":"3","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Health Med Res"},{"key":"R2-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11071793","article-title":"Malignant transformation rate of oral submucous fibrosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Murthy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R3-20250926","first-page":"20","article-title":"Pirfenidone\u2013a molecular target for oral submucous fibrosis?","volume":"4","author":"Akshaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dent Med Sci Research"},{"key":"R4-20250926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-16","article-title":"The multifaceted role of pirfenidone and its novel targets","volume":"3","author":"Mac\u00edas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair"},{"key":"R5-20250926","first-page":"21","article-title":"Oral sub mucous fibrosis:Exploring therapeutic strategies using-anti TGF ? 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