{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T14:24:32Z","timestamp":1783347872679,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context:<\/jats:title>\n \n Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often associated with reduced salivary flow, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic oral infections. Evidence suggests shared pathogenic mechanisms between RA and periodontitis. As a non-invasive medium, saliva offers potential for evaluating associations between anti-citrullinated protein antibody,\n Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n , and RA.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n \n To measure salivary citrullinated proteins in RA patients, detect\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n species, and assess associated oral changes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n Cross-sectional study including 21 RA patients and 21 age- and gender-matched healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Unstimulated saliva was collected for citrullinated protein estimation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar for\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n quantification. Subgingival plaque samples were analysed for\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n . Oral status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis Used:<\/jats:title>\n \n Mann\u2013Whitney test, Chi-square, the Independent Student\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test, and one-way ANOVA test were used.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Salivary citrullinated proteins showed significant positive correlation with\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003),\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), and DMFT scores (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). RA patients demonstrated significantly higher colony-forming units of\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n (5.11 \u00b1 0.50 vs. 2.13 \u00b1 0.16 log\n 10<\/jats:sub>\n ;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n (5.20 \u00b1 0.08 vs. 2.12 \u00b1 0.29 log\n 10<\/jats:sub>\n ;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). CPI scores correlated with microbial load (\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.04;\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.009).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Although not a standalone diagnostic marker, salivary citrullinated proteins correlate with microbial load and caries, supporting saliva-based biomarkers for RA monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_341_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:00:27Z","timestamp":1783101627000},"page":"217-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Crosstalk between salivary citrullinated proteins and oral health status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Nandita","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha Vimal","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Chandrashekara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraj","family":"Sathyendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish Hemadala","family":"Channabasavaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayukh","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260706","first-page":"205","article-title":"Sex-based differences in autoimmune diseases","volume":"52","author":"Ortona","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Ist Super 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