{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:59:59Z","timestamp":1787169599587,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Along with tobacco use, alcohol consumption is one of the crucial factors for oral cancer. Acetaldehyde (ACH), a byproduct of alcohol, is reported as carcinogenic. One of the producers of ACH from alcohol is Candida species. The aim of the study was to quantify the ACH produced by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      species at various concentrations of alcohol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical isolates of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      , namely\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      ATCC 18,804, were subjected to various concentrations of alcohol. Alcohol dehydrogenase and ACH were estimated using spectrophotometry and headspace gas chromatography, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of all three clinical isolates,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      produced more ACH (412.1 \u03bcM) at 10 mM alcohol concentration by 10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      colony-forming unit\/ml followed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      (233 \u03bcM) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                      (53.7 \u03bcM).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      of clinical isolate and ATCC species (222 \u03bcM) did not show much difference.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study results conclude that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      species are capable of producing carcinogenic levels of ACH on exposure to various concentrations of alcohol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_494_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T05:27:46Z","timestamp":1682486866000},"page":"161-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Capacity of Candida species to produce acetaldehyde at various concentrations of 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