{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:51:16Z","timestamp":1789156276152,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory cell-mediated immunological disease. As it has a multifactorial aetiology, treatment is symptomatic. Corticosteroids are used as first-line treatment; however, it has various side effects, resulting in the search for new therapeutic options. Coconut has therapeutic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Liquorice reduces the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, limits the generation of oxygen free radicals and cell migration and inhibits arachidonic acid metabolism. Thus, it lessens the inflammatory response and pain. Purslane has wound healing, antibacterial, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. Thus, all the above properties suggest the use of coconut-liquorice-purslane in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee, 40 participants who met the inclusion criteria and were seeking treatment at the research hospital were randomly assigned to two groups. \u2018Group A\u2019 received coconut-liquorice-purslane cream, while \u2018Group B\u2019 received topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide gel. Both groups were instructed to apply the ointment to the affected area thrice a day for 90 days and were to refrain from eating and drinking for 15 minutes after application. The intensity of pain was measured using a visual analogue scale at baseline before treatment and on days 14, 30, 60 and 90.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both groups showed statistically significant reduction in pain intensity, but the coconut-liquorice-purslane group showed better results when compared to the 0.1% Triamcinolone Acetonide group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coconut-Liquorice-Purslane cream can be safely used as an alternative treatment modality in the management of OLP for reducing pain intensity as compared to topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide gel with no systemic, as well as topical side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_73_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T12:00:14Z","timestamp":1766836814000},"page":"612-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of efficacy of topical Coconut-Licorice-Purslane cream with topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide gel for the treatment of oral lichen planus: A randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Disha V.","family":"Alhat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Lanjekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilesh Dinesh","family":"Pardhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuti Nilesh","family":"Pardhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Founder and Director, Etsah Trinity INC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradkhshana","family":"Vijay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Govt. Dental College, Jammu and Kashmir, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, FODS, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737813","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.737813","article-title":"Lichen planus","volume":"8","author":"Boch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"R2-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2016.02.023","article-title":"Oral lichen planus","volume":"34","author":"Olson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R4-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300405","article-title":"The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus","volume":"13","author":"Sugerman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"key":"R5-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1089\/act.2010.16408","article-title":"Herbal treatment for lichen planus","volume":"16","author":"Yarnell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Altern Complementary Therap"},{"key":"R6-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.21608\/edj.2022.174912.2348","article-title":"The efficacy of topical coconut cream versus topical triamcinolone in the management of oral lichen planus","volume":"69","author":"Moussa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt Dent J"},{"key":"R7-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_320_20","article-title":"Efficacy of herbal interventions in oral lichen planus: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Kalaskar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"key":"R8-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.4103\/ijp.ijp_984_20","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of topical coconut cream and clobetasol propionate ointment for the management of oral lichen planus: A double-blinded randomised control trial","volume":"54","author":"Mamadapur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R9-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2020.102401","article-title":"The effects of licorice containing diphenhydramine solution on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial","volume":"50","author":"Akbari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"R10-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03385-1","article-title":"Comparison of topical purslane and topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in the management of oral lichen planus-a double blinded clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Murugan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"R11-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.17795\/ajdr-25958","article-title":"Comparison of glycyrrhiza glabra inorabase with triamcinolone acetonide orabase in the treatment of oral lichen planus","volume":"8","author":"Najaf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Avicenna J Dent Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_73_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:59:29Z","timestamp":1786647569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_73_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_73_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-029X","1998-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-029X","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-13","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}