{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:33:25Z","timestamp":1787758405704,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fixed functional appliances (FFA) have been used for correction class II malocclusion but cause proclination of teeth. Recently, few studies have advocated the use of skeletal anchorage along with FFAs to prevent this side effect. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the stress distribution and displacements produced by miniplate anchored Forsus-fatigue resistant device on the maxilla, mandible, and the dentition in a Class II malocclusion patient by finite element analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cone beam computed tomography of a class II division 1 patient indicated for FFA was used to construct a 3D finite element model using MIMICS 8.11 and Hypermesh 13.0 software. Various material properties, boundary, and loading conditions were then applied. The model was analyzed for principal stress and von Mises stress in maxilla, mandible, and their dentition using ANSYS 12.1 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the mandible, maximum principal and von Mises stresses were seen in the cortical bone area in the symphyseal region, whereas mandibular teeth showed comparatively lesser stresses. In the maxilla, higher principal and von Mises stresses were seen in the maxillary molar region compared to the maxillary cortical bone. The entire mandible was displaced antero-inferiorly, whereas the maxilla showed a postero-superior displacement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using skeletally anchored FFA results in more stresses and displacements in the skeletal structures compared to the dentition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jos.jos_133_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T02:07:57Z","timestamp":1661306877000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of displacements and stress changes in the maxillo-mandibular complex with fixed functional appliance skeletally anchored on mandible using miniplates"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Davender","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rekha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinni","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nameksh Raj","family":"Bhupali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Tuteja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-41-20240830","first-page":"177","article-title":"Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8-10 years of age","volume":"51","author":"McNamara","year":"1981","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R2-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70285-4","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint remodeling in adolescents and young adults during Herbst treatment: A prospective longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric radiographic investigation","volume":"115","author":"Ruf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R3-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.2319\/040315-225.1","article-title":"Treatment effects of skeletally anchored Forsus FRD EZ and Herbst appliances: A retrospective clinical study","volume":"86","author":"Celikoglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R4-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.09.020","article-title":"Evaluation of stress changes in the mandible with a fixed functional appliance: A finite element study","volume":"147","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"R5-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90489-4","article-title":"The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment","volume":"82","author":"Pancherz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"R6-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698915","article-title":"Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus\u2122 FRD","volume":"5","author":"Gunay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Den"},{"key":"R7-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698965","article-title":"A cephalometric comparative study of class II correction with Sabbagh Universal Spring (SUS2) and Forsus FRD appliances","volume":"06","author":"Oztoprak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"R8-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.2319\/102710-629.1","article-title":"Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device in Class II patients","volume":"81","author":"Franchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R9-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjv081","article-title":"Can the use of skeletal anchors in conjunction with fixed functional appliances promote skeletal changes? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Elkordy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R10-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/20.4.375","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint growth adaptation in Herbst treatment: A prospective magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric roentgenographic study","volume":"20","author":"Ruf","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Orthod"},{"key":"R11-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/17.3.165","article-title":"CT scanning and radiographic analysis of temporomandibular joints and cephalometric analysis in a case of Herbst treatment in late puberty","volume":"17","author":"Paulsen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R12-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.1.9","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of functional orthopedic treatment on temporomandibular joints with single-photon emission computerized tomography","volume":"25","author":"Guner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R13-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.12.025","article-title":"Stress distribution in the temporomandibular joint after mandibular protraction: A 3-dimensional finite element method study. Part 1","volume":"135","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"R14-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.12.026","article-title":"Stress distribution in the temporomandibular joint after mandibular protraction: A 3-dimensional finite element study. Part 2","volume":"135","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R15-41-20240830","first-page":"38","article-title":"Finite element method. An Overview","volume":"15","author":"Mehta","year":"2016","journal-title":"IOSR-JDMS"},{"key":"R16-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1590\/2176-9451.20.2.119-125.sar","article-title":"Scientific use of the finite element method in Orthodontics","volume":"20","author":"Knop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dental Press J Orthod"},{"key":"R17-41-20240830","first-page":"7","article-title":"Dentofacial effects of fixed functional appliances with or without mini screw anchorage in the treatment of class II division I malocclusion: A finite element analysis","volume":"31","author":"Akis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk J Orthod"},{"key":"R18-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.10.032","article-title":"Effects of Class II activator and Class II activator high-pull headgear combination on the mandible: A 3-dimensional finite element stress analysis study","volume":"133","author":"Ulusoy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"R19-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjl057","article-title":"Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of maxillary protraction with and without rapid palatal expansion","volume":"29","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R20-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-016-0131-3","article-title":"A comparison of three-dimensional stress distribution and displacement of naso-maxillary complex on application of forces using quad-helix and nickel titanium palatal expander 2 (NPE2): A FEM study","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"R21-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90232-0","article-title":"Three-dimensional finite element analysis for stress in the periodontal tissue by orthodontic forces","volume":"92","author":"Tanne","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"R22-41-20240830","first-page":"15","article-title":"Stresses induced by edgewise appliances in periodontal ligament \u2013 A finite element study","volume":"62","author":"McGuinness","year":"1992","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R23-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.2319\/052708-281.1","article-title":"Biomechanical effects of fixed functional appliance on craniofacial structures","volume":"79","author":"Panigrahi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R24-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2319\/051314-345.1","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of skeletal anchored Forsus FRD using miniplates inserted on mandibular symphysis: A new approach for the treatment of Class II malocclusion","volume":"85","author":"Unal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R25-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.2319\/122515-887.1","article-title":"Effects of miniplate anchored and conventional Forsus Fatigue Resistant Devices in the treatment of Class II malocclusion","volume":"86","author":"Turkkahraman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R26-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.2319\/062018-468.1","article-title":"Evaluation of the miniplate-anchored Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device in skeletal Class II growing subjects: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Elkordy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R27-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4103\/apos.apos_121_16","article-title":"Assessment of stress changes in dentoalveolar and skeletal structures of the mandible with the miniplate anchored Forsus: A three-dimensional finite element stress analysis study","volume":"7","author":"Patil","year":"2017","journal-title":"APOS Trends Orthod"},{"key":"R28-41-20240830","first-page":"426","article-title":"Skeletal, dental and soft-tissue changes induced by the Jasper Jumper appliance in late adolescence","volume":"75","author":"Nalbantgil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R29-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.2319\/032613-240.1","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device used with miniscrew anchorage","volume":"84","author":"Aslan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R30-41-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90169-1","article-title":"The Herbst appliance-Its biologic effects and clinical use","volume":"87","author":"Pancherz","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthodontic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jos.jos_133_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:12:11Z","timestamp":1787757131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jos.jos_133_21"}},"subtitle":["A finite element study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jos.jos_133_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2278-1897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2278-1897","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}