{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:11:47Z","timestamp":1789564307270,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n In Class II skeletal discrepancies, functional appliances are commonly used for anterior mandibular repositioning. A functional appliance with an alternative design, named SOS Activator, has recently been introduced. This study aims to examine and document the short-term treatment effects of SOS Activator.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n Initial and progress cephalometric radiographs of 24 patients treated with the SOS Activator were analyzed. All patients presented a Class II skeletal discrepancy with a retrognathic mandible. The control group comprised cephalometric radiographs of untreated children from the Bolton Growth Study. The radiographs were analyzed using the Miethke cephalometric analysis and the Viewbox 4 Cephalometric Software.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The results showed that patients treated with the SOS Activator, compared to the control group, exhibited a statistically significant increase in the SNB angle (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), a decrease in the ANB and NA-APog angles (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2264 0.001), and a decrease in the Wits appraisal (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003). The proportion SGo: NMe \u00d7 100 was improved (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.014). The Ptv-6s distance decreased, confirming the distalization of the upper first molars (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.007). The soft tissue changes involved a decrease in the H angle (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n The SOS Activator is effective in the correction of Class II skeletal discrepancy by forward repositioning of the mandible. Additionally, due to its alternative design compared to other removable functional appliances, it presents the important advantage of concurrent distalization of the upper first molars and the simultaneous use of fixed appliances, such as braces and\/or expansion devices, on the upper arch.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jos.jos_143_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:00:52Z","timestamp":1789563652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-term treatment effects of the hybrid functional appliance SOS Activator in children with Class II skeletal discrepancy: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Evangelidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga-Elpis","family":"Kolokitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moschos A.","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athina","family":"Chatzigianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2005.10.005","article-title":"Class II malocclusions: Diagnostic and clinical considerations with and without treatment","volume":"12","author":"Bishara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"R2-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06203-y","article-title":"Morphological dimension of the permanent dentition in various malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Thomas","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"R4-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.09.030","article-title":"Effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with functional appliances on maxillary growth in the short term: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Nucera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R5-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.2319\/110205-385","article-title":"Prediction of individual mandibular changes induced by functional jaw orthopedics followed by fixed appliances in Class II patients","volume":"76","author":"Franchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R6-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2023.04.008","article-title":"Treatment of Class II malocclusion in the growing patient: Early or late?","volume":"29","author":"Giuntini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"R7-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1736379","article-title":"Treatment of Class II malocclusion with removable functional appliances","volume":"10","author":"Hirji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Dent"},{"key":"R8-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.2319\/030607-115.1","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R9-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.11.010","article-title":"Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: A systematic review","volume":"129","author":"Cozza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R10-20260916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/jos.JOS_39_20","article-title":"Does the flatting of the curve of spee affect the chewing force distribution in the mandible? 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