{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:44:21Z","timestamp":1792269861555,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to clinically evaluate and compare 0.016-inch superelastic nickel\u2013titanium (NiTi) and 0.016-inch heat-activated nickel\u2013titanium (NiTi) archwires in terms of alignment efficiency, root resorption, and pain intensity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHOD:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 20 patients requiring fixed orthodontic treatment, having Little's irregularity index of 5\u20138, and requiring first premolar extractions were recruited. They were randomly allocated to receive two different archwires (0.016-inch superelastic NiTi or 0.016-inch thermoelastic NiTi). Good-quality impressions were taken of the lower arch before archwire placement (T0) and at every month after that till the alignment was complete. The rate of tooth alignment was measured on casts by determining Little's irregularity index. The pain experienced by the patient was assessed 24 hours and 1 week after the placement of the archwire on a visual analogue scale. Cone beam computed tomographic radiographs of lower anterior teeth were taken before and after alignment to assess root resorption. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software (version 20.0). The level of significance was kept at 5%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The repeated measures ANOVA indicated that there was no significant difference in the aligning efficiency of superelastic and heat-activated NiTi wires. (p = 0.45). The Mann Whitney U test showed that superelastic NiTi wires had statistically significant higher VAS scores than heat-activated NiTi at 24 hours and 1-week interval (p &lt; 0.05). Student's t-test indicated greater root resorption with superelastic NiTi but the difference was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both the wires showed similar aligning efficiency and resulting root resorption. Superelastic NiTi was observed to produce more pain compared to heat-activated NiTi in the aligning phase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jos.jos_17_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T10:16:32Z","timestamp":1627985792000},"page":"13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Comparison of two different initial archwires for tooth alignment during fixed orthodontic treatment\u2014A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shubhangi","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payal","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divya","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70046-3","article-title":"Multiflex versus superelastic: A randomized clinical trial of tooth alignment ability of initial arch wires","volume":"108","author":"West","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R3-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.03.030","article-title":"Alleviation of mandibular anterior crowding with copper-nickel-titanium vs nickel-titanium wires: A double-blind randomized control trial","volume":"136","author":"Pandis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R4-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512013000600006","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of dental alignment and leveling with three different types of orthodontic wires","volume":"18","author":"Gravina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent Press J Orthod"},{"key":"R5-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12048","article-title":"A systematic review and metaanalysis of experimental clinical evidence on initial aligning archwires and archwire sequences","volume":"17","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"R6-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.112446","article-title":"Pseudoelasticity and thermoelasticity of nickel-titanium alloys: A clinically oriented review. Part I: Temperature transitional ranges","volume":"119","author":"Santoro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R7-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(92)70054-E","article-title":"The pain and discomfort experienced during orthodontic treatment: A randomized controlled clinical trial of two initial aligning arch wires","volume":"102","author":"Jones","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R8-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01299769","article-title":"Pain and discomfort with NiTi aligning archwires","volume":"59","author":"Fernandes","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"R9-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.03.040","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs","volume":"137","author":"John","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R10-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512013000400015","article-title":"Long-term evaluation of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment using periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography","volume":"18","author":"de Freitas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent Press J Orthod"},{"key":"R11-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1179\/14653120722914","article-title":"A systematic review of clinical trials of aligning archwires","volume":"36","author":"Riley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Orthod"},{"key":"R12-13-20240830","first-page":"CD007859","article-title":"Initial arch wires for tooth alignment during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (Review)","volume":"30","author":"Jian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R13-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.2319\/041414-274.1","article-title":"A clinical comparison of three aligning archwires in terms of alignment efficiency: A prospective clinical trial","volume":"85","author":"Abdelrahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R14-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/12.4.380","article-title":"A clinical trial of aligning archwires","volume":"12","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R15-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70234-3","article-title":"Clinical comparison and performance perspective of three aligning arch wires","volume":"114","author":"Evans","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R16-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.1998.1.1.12","article-title":"Efficiency of multi-strand steel, superelastic Ni-Ti and ion-implanted Ni-Ti archwires for initial alignment","volume":"1","author":"Cobb","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthod Res"},{"key":"R17-13-20240830","first-page":"61","article-title":"Pain perception following first orthodontic archwire placement\u2014Thermoelastic vs superelastic alloys: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Cioffi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"R18-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.2319\/072111-460.1","article-title":"Alignment efficiency of superelastic coaxial nickel-titanium vs superelastic single-stranded nickel-titanium in relieving mandibular anterior crowding, A randomized controlled prospective study","volume":"82","author":"Sebastian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R19-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.112447","article-title":"Pseudoelasticity and thermoelasticity of nickel-titanium alloys: A clinically oriented review. Part II: Deactivation forces","volume":"119","author":"Santoro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R20-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2319\/090317-589.1","article-title":"Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"88","author":"Phermsang-ngarm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R21-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.2319\/032112-240.1","article-title":"Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography","volume":"83","author":"Castro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R22-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","article-title":"Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review","volume":"137","author":"Weltman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R23-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0035-z","article-title":"Root resorption after leveling with superelastic and conventional steel arch wires: A prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Alzahawi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"R24-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1729603","article-title":"Effect of low-temperature phase changes on the mechanical properties of alloys near composition NiTi","volume":"34","author":"Buehler","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"R25-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr103","article-title":"Load\u2013deflection characteristics of superelastic and thermal nickel\u2013titanium wires","volume":"35","author":"Gatto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthodontic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jos.JOS_17_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:29:30Z","timestamp":1786735770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jos.JOS_17_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jos.jos_17_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2278-1897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2278-1897","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}