{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:45:12Z","timestamp":1787071512103,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DN is a major microvascular complication of T2DM. Genetic factors, particularly polymorphisms in the RAGE gene, have been implicated in DN susceptibility. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association of the \u2013429T\/C RAGE gene polymorphism with DN in T2DM patients from South India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>150 subjects, including HC, T2DM patients without nephropathy, and T2DM patients with DN, were enrolled. Genotyping of the \u2013429T\/C polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP with BsmFI enzyme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The frequency of the TT genotype decreased progressively from 78% in HC to 58% in T2DM and 42% in DN. Conversely, the CC genotype increased from 8% in HC to 22% in T2DM and 28% in DN. The C allele frequency also rose from 0.15 in HC to 0.43 in DN. These differences were statistically significant. Discussion and<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The \u2013429T\/C RAGE gene polymorphism is significantly associated with DN in South Indian T2DM patients. The presence of the C allele appears to increase susceptibility to DN, whereas the TT genotype may confer a protective effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1007_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T19:01:15Z","timestamp":1758567675000},"page":"S2250-S2252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of \u2013429T\/C RAGE Gene Polymorphism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy in South Indian Population"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ramesh Babu","family":"Murikipudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Vinayaka Mission\u2019s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Misson\u2019s Research Foundation (DU), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lakshmiprabha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, KMMC Medical College and Hospital, St. Joseph University, Muttom, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Pravallika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ponnudhali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Vinayaka Mission\u2019s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Misson\u2019s Research Foundation (DU), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. R.","family":"Rangabashyam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Vinayaka Mission\u2019s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Rangarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.164","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy:Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment","volume":"28","author":"Gross","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R2-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051591","article-title":"Advanced glycation end-products:A review","volume":"44","author":"Singh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"R3-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.25303\/1912rjbt085092","article-title":"Leucine repeat polymorphism in CNDP1 gene (D18S880) and type 2 diabetic kidney disease in south Indians","volume":"19","author":"Ramesh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res J Biotech"},{"key":"R4-20250930","first-page":"S67","article-title":"American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes:Standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142013","volume":"36","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R5-20250930","first-page":"227","article-title":"Identification of polymorphisms in the RAGE gene:Prevalence and association with vascular disease","volume":"156","author":"Hudson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"R6-20250930","first-page":"1774","article-title":"Association of RAGE gene polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy in a Chinese population","volume":"125","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chinese Med J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1007_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:47:14Z","timestamp":1787068034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1007_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1007_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}