{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:28:30Z","timestamp":1789756110855,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to assess and compare the color stability of 3D-printed, computer-aided design\u2013computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled, and conventional materials used in interim dental restorations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-four disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter, 1.5 mm thickness) were fabricated from four types of interim materials: autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM PMMA resin, and 3D-printed provisional resin. Each group of polished specimens was divided into four subgroups (n = 4) and immersed in different staining solutions (distilled water, cola, coffee, and tea) at 37\u00b0C and 100% humidity without light exposure for 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days. Color changes were measured using a calibrated clinical spectrophotometer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The type of material, staining solution, immersion period, and their interactions significantly influenced color stability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Bis-acryl and 3D-printed materials exhibited the most discoloration, with coffee and tea causing the highest color changes. CAD-CAM-milled and PMMA materials demonstrated superior color stability, particularly in water and cola.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bis-acryl and 3D-printed materials showed significant and clinically unacceptable color changes, while CAD-CAM-milled and PMMA materials maintained color stability within clinically acceptable limits (\u0394E \u2248 3.3). CAD-CAM and PMMA are preferred for interim restorations where color stability is critical.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1016_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T11:06:19Z","timestamp":1738235179000},"page":"S4618-S4622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Color Stability among 3D-Printed Resin-Based, CAD\/CAM, and Conventional Interim Fixed Prosthodontic Materials"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shahad Abdulrahman","family":"Alshamrani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra Fahad","family":"Alobaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamad Mohammad","family":"Alharkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dental Sciences and Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.4047\/jap.2020.12.5.259","article-title":"Color stability of provisional restorative materials with different fabrication methods","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adv Prosthodont"},{"key":"R2-20250130","first-page":"36","article-title":"In vitro comparison of peak polymerization temperatures of 5 provisional restoration resins","volume":"67","author":"Lieu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R3-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.4103\/ejd.ejd_66_17","article-title":"Color stability and marginal integrity of interim crowns:An in vitro study","volume":"11","author":"Elagra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"R4-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2023.104458","article-title":"Comparison of the color stability and surface roughness of 3-unit provisional fixed partial dentures fabricated by milling, conventional and different 3D printing fabrication techniques","volume":"131","author":"Ellakany","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"R5-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2021.01.027","article-title":"Comparison of surface roughness and color stainability of 3-dimensionally printed interim prosthodontic material with conventionally fabricated and CAD-CAM milled 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Dent"},{"key":"R9-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2004.03.005","article-title":"Color stability of provisional prosthodontic materials","volume":"91","author":"Sham","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"R10-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2009-075","article-title":"Effects of different food colorants and polishing techniques on color stability of provisional prosthetic materials","volume":"29","author":"Rutkunas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"key":"R11-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-022-00778-6","article-title":"Color stability, surface roughness and flexural strength of additively manufactured and milled interim restorative materials after aging","volume":"111","author":"Diken","year":"2023","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"R12-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.03.007","article-title":"Comparison of interim restorations fabricated by CAD\/CAM with those fabricated manually","volume":"114","author":"Rayyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"R13-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.6647","article-title":"Discoloration of provisional restorations after oral rinses","volume":"10","author":"Turgut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"R14-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9130117","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9130117","article-title":"Color stability of provisional restorative materials in different mouthwash solutions","volume":"2022","author":"De\u011fer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Mater Sci Eng"},{"key":"R15-20250130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41405-020-00055-0","article-title":"The colour stability of crystallized acetyl resin material in comparison to other restorative materials. An in-vitro study","volume":"7","author":"Aburaisi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BDJ Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1016_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:29:21Z","timestamp":1787837361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1016_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1016_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-04","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}