{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:36:22Z","timestamp":1787070982822,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periapical surgery and periodontal regeneration are essential dental procedures aimed at restoring the integrity of the tooth and surrounding tissues. Bone substitutes, including synthetic materials, xenografts, allografts, and autografts, play a pivotal role in enhancing healing and promoting tissue regeneration. This study evaluates the clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with the use of these bone substitutes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study involved 60 patients aged 18\u201360 years who were randomly assigned to three groups: synthetic bone substitute, autograft, and xenograft (20 patients each). Clinical outcomes such as Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), and pain scores were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. Radiographic outcomes included bone defect fill, bone density, and graft resorption, assessed using digital radiographs and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The autograft group demonstrated the highest clinical and radiographic outcomes, showing superior improvements in PPD, CAL, bone defect fill, and bone density at both 6 and 12 months. The synthetic bone substitute group showed positive results, though slightly less favorable than autografts. The xenograft group exhibited moderate improvements but experienced higher graft resorption, especially at 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autografts are the most effective bone substitute for promoting bone regeneration and periodontal healing. Synthetic bone substitutes offer fewer complications but show somewhat slower bone regeneration. Xenografts, though effective, may have lower long-term efficacy due to higher resorption rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1058_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T01:00:05Z","timestamp":1757379605000},"page":"S2218-S2220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes in the Use of Bone Substitutes in Periapical Surgery and Periodontal Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vivek","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Awadh Dental College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G Nagu","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Radiology, Nimra Institute of Dental Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soni","family":"Tuteja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Desh Bhagat Dental College, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenu Taneja","family":"Bhasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipanwita","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Management, Brainware University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sananda","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritik","family":"Kashwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12051090","article-title":"Unlocking the future of periodontal regeneration:An Interdisciplinary approach to tissue engineering and advanced therapeutics","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"(Suppl 4)","key":"R2-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3041","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1089_24","article-title":"Stem cells:Innovations, applications, and future directions","volume":"16","author":"Kaur","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R4-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8090300","article-title":"Bioabsorbable osteofixation materials for maxillofacial bone surgery:A review on polymers and magnesium-based materials","volume":"8","author":"On","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"R9-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.6026\/9732063002001012","article-title":"Comparison of CBCT examined root thickness and fracture resistance","volume":"20","author":"Kumari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioinformation"},{"key":"R10-20250930","first-page":"120","article-title":"Effortless effort in bone regeneration:A review","volume":"6","author":"Nazirkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Int Oral Health"},{"key":"R11-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-799X-9-18","article-title":"Bone regenerative medicine:Classic options, novel strategies, and future directions","volume":"9","author":"Oryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"R12-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.07.007","article-title":"Osteoinduction of bone grafting materials for bone repair and regeneration","volume":"81","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gareta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"R13-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13126","article-title":"Effects of lateral bone augmentation procedures on peri-implant health or disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Sanz-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1058_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:39:56Z","timestamp":1787067596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1058_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1058_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-13","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}