{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:44:04Z","timestamp":1787071444407,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Timely diagnosis and monitoring of tuberculosis (TB) remain critical challenges, especially in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and treatment-monitoring utility of Ki67 and HLA-DR biomarkers in TB and to compare their quantification using flow cytometry and ELISA in whole blood samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 60 participants were enrolled, including 40 newly diagnosed TB patients and 20 healthy controls. Whole blood samples were analyzed at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months. Ki67 and HLA-DR expression were measured using both flow cytometry and ELISA. Statistical comparisons and agreement between methods were assessed using Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both Ki67 and HLA-DR levels were significantly higher in TB patients compared with controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Biomarker levels declined progressively with treatment. ELISA values showed strong correlation with flow cytometry (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.85), and Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated acceptable agreement with minimal bias.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ki67 and HLA-DR are promising biomarkers for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring. ELISA provides a reliable, cost-effective alternative to flow cytometry, supporting its use in decentralized, point-of-care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1074_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T08:01:18Z","timestamp":1766044878000},"page":"S3057-S3059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring: Evaluating Ki67 and HLA-DR Biomarkers Via Point-of-Care Testing and Comparative Analysis of Flow Cytometry Versus ELISA in Whole Blood Samples"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ilyas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasheelkumar Premnarayan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, LN Medical College and JK Hospital, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talha","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puja","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 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