{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:47:12Z","timestamp":1787071632743,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent vaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly drug-resistant strains, remain a major concern in women\u2019s reproductive health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluates the antifungal potential of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), synthesized via a semi-solvothermal method, against clinically relevant vaginal Candida species\u2014\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Structural and optical characterization confirmed a crystalline cubic phase (XRD), a strong UV\u2013Vi\u2019s absorption at 340 nm with a 3.4 eV band gap, and spherical nanoparticles (10\u201325 nm) seen via FESEM. Antifungal activity was tested using agar well diffusion and CFU assays across 15\u20131000 \u03bcg\/mL concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A concentration-dependent colony forming unit (CFU) reduction was observed, with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                      showing the highest sensitivity (MIC: 60 \u03bcg\/mL; complete inhibition at 1000 \u03bcg\/mL), followed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. glabrata. C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibited moderate to high resistance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings highlight the potential of CuO NPs as a promising antifungal agent, particularly effective against resistant or non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      Candida species, offering an alternative strategy for treating vaginal candidiasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1082_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T17:00:54Z","timestamp":1758733254000},"page":"S2239-S2241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Antifungal Potential of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles against Candida Species"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Arti","family":"Zende","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Krishna Institute of Science and Technology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayant","family":"Pawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Krishna Institute of Science and Technology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chitra","family":"Khanwelkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan S.","family":"Phatak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e339","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30103-8","article-title":"Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis:A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Denning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R3-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9010011","article-title":"Non-albicans Candida species:Immune response, evasion mechanisms, and new plant-derived alternative therapies","volume":"9","author":"G\u00f3mez-Gaviria","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"R4-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5376","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165376","article-title":"Treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis\u2014An overview of guidelines and the latest treatment methods","volume":"12","author":"Satora","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R5-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040321","article-title":"Amphotericin B and other polyenes\u2014discovery, clinical use, mode of action and drug resistance","volume":"6","author":"Carolus","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"R6-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/jnt6020009","article-title":"Advanced nanoparticles in combating antibiotic resistance:Current innovations and future directions","volume":"6","author":"AlQurashi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Nanotheranostics"},{"key":"R7-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905892","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.905892","article-title":"Copper-containing nanoparticles:Mechanism of antimicrobial effect and application in dentistry\u2014A narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"R8-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28958-6","article-title":"Biological mechanism of cell oxidative stress and death during short-term exposure to nano CuO","volume":"13","author":"Moschini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R9-20250930","first-page":"233","article-title":"Efficacy assessment of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) on stored grain insects and their impacts on morphological and physiological traits of wheat (triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"10","author":"Badawy","year":"2021","journal-title":"plant. Biol (Basel)"},{"key":"R10-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2022.104117","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of CuO nanoparticles utilizing waste fish scale and exploitation of XRD peak profile analysis for approximating the structural parameters","volume":"15","author":"Bin Mobarak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arab J Chem"},{"key":"R11-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14030","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41119-z","article-title":"Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its efficiency in degradation of rifampicin antibiotic","volume":"13","author":"Nzilu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R12-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3856","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12213856","article-title":"Highly antifungal activity of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles against candida albicans","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Marin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1082_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:49:58Z","timestamp":1787068198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1082_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1082_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}