{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:55:49Z","timestamp":1790790949798,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Cosmetic defects after the major orofacial disease corrections may have an effect on the overall well-being of the patient. Head-and-neck cosmetic surgeries after a major episode of oral cancer impact the functional ability of the individual in several ways. In general, two types of flap are used in reconstructive surgery: microvascular free flaps and regional pedicle flaps. In socioeconomically poor countries like India, bilobed pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap has been seen as a mainstay in facial reconstructive surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The present study was conducted on 100 individuals with oral neoplasm who underwent resective surgery had a soft-tissue defect. All the complications that arose after reconstructive surgery were noted. Simple proportions were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Majority of the individuals had the buccal mucosa as the common site of oral neoplasm, and the tumor nodes and metastases staging was I + II. One individual sustained total flap necrosis. Wound infection and dehiscence were the most common complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n PMMC is best proven for flap reconstruction in oral neoplasm cases. It is established to be effective with good acceptability and very few complications. Due to these reasons, in spite of the known advances in facial reconstructive surgeries, this technique is widely followed in developing countries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_111_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T06:05:28Z","timestamp":1675836328000},"page":"S1291-S1294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effectiveness of the Bilobed Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Analytical Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rohit Kumar","family":"Jha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreeja","family":"Jami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Redmond, Washington, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul V. C.","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OMFS, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayendra","family":"Purohit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. P.","family":"Vipindas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malabar Dental College and Research Centre, Malappuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Abdullah","family":"Binyahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250920","first-page":"93","article-title":"Use of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for resurfacing the soft tissue defects of head and neck","volume":"68","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orofac Sci"},{"key":"R2-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000130573.25903.b3","article-title":"Functional outcomes after free flap reconstruction of the upper aerodigestive tract","volume":"12","author":"Vos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"R3-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4236\/mps.2012.24025","article-title":"Indications and outcomes for pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps at a primary microvascular head and neck reconstructive center","volume":"2","author":"Saito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mod Plast Surg"},{"key":"R4-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20101","article-title":"Pectoralis major and other myofascial \/ myocutaneous flaps in head and neck cancer reconstruction: Experience with 437 cases at a single institution","volume":"26","author":"Vartanian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"R5-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(80)90200-7","article-title":"Use of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of large cervical, facial or cranial defects","volume":"140","author":"Arlyan","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R6-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1983.00800170051013","article-title":"Pectoralis myocutaneous flap in head and neck cancer reconstruction","volume":"109","author":"Schuller","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"R7-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/014556139207100402","article-title":"The pectoralis major flap","volume":"71","author":"Shank","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"R8-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050100389","article-title":"Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap: Analysis of complications in difficult patients","volume":"258","author":"Castelli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R9-20250920","first-page":"S95","article-title":"The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap: Applications and complications in head and neck reconstruction","volume":"87","author":"Wadwongtham","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"R10-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000221119.00987.48","article-title":"Pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in oropharyngeal reconstruction: Revisited","volume":"118","author":"Koh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R11-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(81)90086-2","article-title":"The vascular anatomy of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap","volume":"34","author":"Freeman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"R12-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-5950.168225","article-title":"Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in head and neck reconstruction: An experience in 100 consecutive cases","volume":"6","author":"Tripathi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl J Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R13-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(88)80012-X","article-title":"The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. 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