{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:27:40Z","timestamp":1787840860836,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n A\n BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is widely used in pediatric dentistry due to its fluoride-releasing properties and strong adhesion to tooth structure. However, enhancing its antimicrobial efficacy remains a challenge. Incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been proposed as a solution to increase the antimicrobial properties of GIC without compromising its mechanical strength.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This study investigated the effects of integrating varying concentrations of AgNPs into GIC on its antimicrobial efficacy against common oral pathogens and its mechanical properties. Three concentrations of AgNPs (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by weight) were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar diffusion test against\n Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/jats:italic>\n . Mechanical properties, including compressive strength and wear resistance, were measured using standardized tests. Thirty pediatric patients were randomly assigned to receive dental treatments using one of the three modified GIC formulations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The GIC modified with 1% AgNPs demonstrated optimal antimicrobial activity, showing a significant inhibition zone increase of 25% against\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n and 20% against\n L. acidophilus<\/jats:italic>\n compared to the control. The compressive strength of the GIC was maintained, with the 1% AgNP formulation achieving a compressive strength of 220 MPa, comparable to the control (215 MPa). Wear resistance slightly decreased as the concentration of AgNPs increased.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The addition of 1% AgNPs to GIC significantly enhances its antimicrobial properties without adversely affecting its mechanical strength. This formulation holds potential for improving the effectiveness of pediatric dental restorations by reducing the risk of secondary caries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1202_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T02:01:14Z","timestamp":1732068074000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy and Mechanical Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) Incorporating Silver Nanoparticles In Varying Concentrations for Pediatric Dental Applications"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"MD","family":"Imran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmirekha","family":"Mallick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SCB Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Vadlamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDS, MS, DDS, Research Scholar and General Dentist, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antarik","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, Awadh Dental College and Hospital, East Singhbhum, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250114","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in an Orthodontic Adhesive: An Animal Study","volume":"17","author":"Bahador","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Dent"},{"key":"R2-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2006.12.001","article-title":"Antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"R3-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2008.04.005","article-title":"The antimicrobial sensitivity of Streptococcus mutans to nanoparticles of silver, zinc oxide, and gold","volume":"4","author":"Hernandez-Sierra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"R4-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2012.01.005","article-title":"Antibacterial amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomposites with a quaternary ammonium dimethacrylate and silver nanoparticles","volume":"28","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"R5-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2013.01.012","article-title":"Comparison of quaternary ammonium-containing with nano-silver-containing adhesive in antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"R6-20250114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720160154","article-title":"Effect of silver nanoparticles on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of an orthodontic adhesive","volume":"24","author":"Degrazia","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250114","first-page":"148","article-title":"Antimicrobial restorative materials: A literature review","volume":"30","author":"White","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"R8-20250114","first-page":"1075","article-title":"Bioactive and compatible properties of glass ionomer cements: A review","volume":"97","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1202_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:30:47Z","timestamp":1787837447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1202_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":8,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1202_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-31","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}