{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:44:53Z","timestamp":1787071493233,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Intravenous (IV) fluid administration is routine in pediatric care, but fluid composition can significantly influence serum electrolyte levels. Hyperchloremia, often associated with 0.9% saline, may lead to metabolic acidosis and renal dysfunction. Balanced solutions, including gluconate\/acetate-buffered and lactate-buffered fluids, are being explored for safer alternatives.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To compare the effects of saline, gluconate\/acetate-buffered, and lactate-buffered IV fluids on serum chloride levels in hospitalized children.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n A prospective observational study was conducted among pediatric in patients receiving one of three IV fluids: saline (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30), gluconate\/acetate-buffered solution (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30), or lactate-buffered solution (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30). Serum chloride was measured at baseline and after 24 h of fluid administration. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -tests.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Mean post-infusion chloride levels were significantly higher in the saline group (107.2 \u00b1 3.1 mmol\/L) compared to the gluconate\/acetate group (103.5 \u00b1 2.4 mmol\/L) and lactate-buffered group (102.9 \u00b1 2.8 mmol\/L) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Chloride elevation was most pronounced in the saline group, with associated trends toward mild acidosis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Saline use in children is associated with greater increases in serum chloride compared to balanced solutions. Buffered fluids may be preferable for maintaining electrolyte stability in pediatric fluid therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1208_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T08:00:20Z","timestamp":1766044820000},"page":"S2932-S2934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Saline versus Gluconate\/Acetate-Buffered Solution versus Lactate-Buffered Solution on Serum Chloride Among Children"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yunus Nadeemulla Beig","family":"Khader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Amana Healthcare, Al Ain, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Mehek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, NMC Medical Centre, Sharjah, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubhanshu","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00704-5","article-title":"Intravenous fluids: Balancing solutions","volume":"33","author":"Hoorn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"R4-20251218","first-page":"CD004089","article-title":"Perioperative administration of buffered versus non-buffered crystalloid intravenous fluid to improve outcomes following adult surgical procedures","volume":"9","author":"Bampoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R5-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-025-05442-w","article-title":"Balanced crystalloid versus saline for resuscitation in pediatric septic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Vijendra","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"R6-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.4912","article-title":"Effect of saline vs gluconate\/acetate-buffered solution vs lactate-buffered solution on serum chloride among children in the pediatric intensive care unit: The SPLYT-P randomized clinical trial","volume":"177","author":"Raman","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1208_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:46:55Z","timestamp":1787068015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1208_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1208_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-10","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}